Arctic ice-ocean simulation with optimized model parameters: Approach and assessment
Arctic ice-ocean simulation with optimized model parameters: Approach and assessment
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DOI：
10.1029/2010jc006573
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发表时间：
2011-04-27
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Kwok, Ronald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nguyen, An T.;Menemenlis, Dimitris;Kwok, Ronald
我们提出了一个优化的1992-2008年北冰洋的冰-海耦合模拟。一个绿色函数方法调整一组参数的最佳模型数据协议。总体而言，模型数据差异减少了45%。优化的模拟再现了卫星记录中冰范围的负趋势。体积和厚度分布与冰、云和陆地高程卫星（2003-2008年）的数据相当。上部冷盐跃层与北极西部的观测结果一致。北冰洋的淡水收支以及太平洋和大西洋沃茨通过主要通道的体积/热量输送与基于观测的估计值相当。我们注意到，优化参数取决于选定的大气强迫。使用25年日本再分析的结果在海冰dos是一致的实地观察。模拟的太平洋水进入白令海峡，并沿着沿着四个不同的通道流出楚科奇大陆架。这些水需要大约5-10年的时间才能在加拿大北极群岛、纳雷斯或弗拉姆海峡离开北冰洋。进入弗拉姆海峡的大西洋水向东流动，与圣安娜海槽流入汇合，并在马卡罗夫盆地的西南角分成两个分支。其中一条分支沿沿着罗蒙诺索夫山脊流回弗拉姆海峡。另一个进入北极西部，在盐跃层以下气旋性地循环，主要通过纳雷斯和弗拉姆海峡离开。这项工作利用现有的观测记录，以获得一个北冰洋模拟，是在协议的观测范围内和超出优化期，可用于示踪剂和过程的研究。
We present an optimized 1992-2008 coupled ice-ocean simulation of the Arctic Ocean. A Green's function approach adjusts a set of parameters for best model-data agreement. Overall, model-data differences are reduced by 45%. The optimized simulation reproduces the negative trends in ice extent in the satellite records. Volume and thickness distributions are comparable to those from the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (2003-2008). The upper cold halocline is consistent with observations in the western Arctic. The freshwater budget of the Arctic Ocean and volume/heat transports of Pacific and Atlantic waters across major passages are comparable with observation-based estimates. We note that the optimized parameters depend on the selected atmospheric forcing. The use of the 25 year Japanese reanalysis results in sea ice albedos that are consistent with field observations. Simulated Pacific Water enters the Bering Strait and flows off the Chukchi Shelf along four distinct channels. This water takes similar to 5-10 years to exit the Arctic Ocean at the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Nares, or Fram straits. Atlantic Water entering the Fram Strait flows eastward, merges with the St Ana Trough inflow, and splits into two branches at the southwest corner of the Makarov Basin. One branch flows along Lomonosov Ridge back to Fram Strait. The other enters the western Arctic, circulates cyclonically below the halocline, and exits mainly through the Nares and Fram straits. This work utilizes the record of available observations to obtain an Arctic Ocean simulation that is in agreement with observations both within and beyond the optimization period and that can be used for tracer and process studies.