A self-assembly approach to the formation of asymmetric dimers from monodispersed spherical colloids
A self-assembly approach to the formation of asymmetric dimers from monodispersed spherical colloids
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DOI：
10.1021/ja0031873
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发表时间：
2001-01-31
影响因子：
15
通讯作者：
Xia, YN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yin, YD;Lu, Y;Xia, YN
大小、形状、组成和表面或本体性质均匀的胶体颗粒的可用性在阐明和理解这些材料的光学、流变学和电动力学行为方面发挥了重要作用。1球形胶体由于其易于作为单分散样品生产，多年来一直是研究的主要主题。2，3它们也可能代表了最简单的构建块形式，可以很容易地自组装成三维有序结构：胶体晶体或蛋白石阵列。4将球形胶体结晶成高度有序的3D结构的能力使人们不仅可以从组成材料中获得有趣和有用的功能，还可以从表征这些晶格的长程3D有序（或周期性）中获得。4，5尽管球形胶体在胶体科学中发挥着重要作用，但它并不一定是所有与胶体颗粒相关的基础研究或实际应用的最佳选择。例如，它们不能模拟工业产品中更常见的高度不规则胶体的行为。1理论研究还表明，由于晶格点的球对称性导致光子带结构的简并性，它们不适合作为生成具有完整带隙的3D光子晶体的构建块。[6]与球形粒子相比，非球形粒子在需要具有较低对称性和较高复杂性的晶格的应用中提供了一些直接的优势。虽然已经开发了多种化学方法来合成球形胶体（例如，聚合物胶乳或二氧化硅珠）作为单分散系统，但只有少数方法可用于生成非球形胶体作为真正的单分散样品，其中形状，尺寸和化学固定在表面上的电荷都相同，在2%以内。7-11在这里，我们描述了一种使用几何限制的通用方法
The availability of colloidal particles that are uniform in size, shape, composition, and surface or bulk properties has played an important role in elucidating and understanding the optical, rheological, and electrokinetic behaviors of these materials. 1 Spherical colloids have been the predominant subject of research for many years due to their ease of production as monodispersed samples. 2, 3 They may also represent the simplest form of building blocks that could be readily self-assembled into three-dimensionally ordered structures: colloidal crystals or opaline arrays. 4 The capability to crystallize spherical colloids into highly ordered, 3D structures has allowed one to obtain interesting and useful functionality not only from the constituent materials but also from the long-range, 3D order (or periodicity) that characterizes these crystalline lattices. 4, 5Despite of their predominant roles in colloid science, spherical colloids are not necessarily the best option for all fundamental studies or real-world applications that are associated with colloidal particles. They cannot, for example, model the behaviors of highly irregular colloids that are more commonly found in industrial products. 1 Theoretical studies have also indicated that they are not well-suited as building blocks in generating 3D photonic crystals with complete band gaps because of a degeneracy in the photonic band structure as caused by the spherical symmetry of the lattice points. 6 Nonspherical particles offer some immediate advantages over their spherical counterparts in applications that require lattices with lower symmetries and higher complexities. Although a variety of chemical methods have been developed for synthesizing spherical colloids (eg, polymer latexes or silica beads) as monodispersed systems, only a few methods are available for generating nonspherical colloids as truly monodispersed samples, in which the shape, size, and charge chemically fixed on the surface are all identical to within 2%. 7-11 Here we describe a general approach that uses geometrical confinement