The structure of Mars lower atmosphere from Mars Express Radio Science (MaRS) occultation measurements
The structure of Mars lower atmosphere from Mars Express Radio Science (MaRS) occultation measurements
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来自火星快车无线电科学 (MaRS) 掩星测量的火星低层大气结构
DOI：
10.1002/jgre.20058
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Tyler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Tellmann;M. Pätzold;B. Häusler;D. Hinson;G. Tyler
火星快速射电科学实验(MARS)以非常高的垂直分辨率调查了火星表面和大约40公里之间的中低大气。在2004年至2011年期间，共获得了600多条温度、气压和中性数密度的轮廓，覆盖了四个火星年(Mys 27-30)。无线电掩星实验提供了一种独特的可能性，可以利用地球位势高度信息来补充温度值。北半球冬季的温度场表现出强烈的逆温，表明在北极的极地之夜(我的27岁)出现了明显的极地变暖。温度和位势的存在意味着存在一个强纬向急流，峰值风速超过170m/S，位于北纬60-65°N，高度约30公里。30年火星南冬，纬度49°-69°S的温度和位场主要由低层大气中定常的纬向波S=1结构主导。假定地转平衡反演的经向风场在200Pa层的振幅高达12m/S。对小尺度大气波的研究表明，白天高海拔地区和冬季温带外大气中的重力波活动增强。无线电掩星实验还提供了对行星边界层结构的独特洞察。最深的对流边界层，最深可达10公里，位于高地之上。
The Mars Express Radio Science Experiment (MaRS) investigates the lower and middle atmosphere of Mars between the surface and about 40 km with a very high vertical resolution. More than 600 profiles of temperature, pressure, and neutral number density were retrieved between 2004 and 2011 covering four Martian years (MYs 27–30). Radio occultation experiments provide the unique possibility to retrieve geopotential height information to supplement temperature values. The temperature field in the northern winter hemisphere displays strong temperature inversions indicating a pronounced polar warming in the northern polar night (MY 27). The temperature and geopotential fields imply the presence of a strong zonal jet, with peak wind speeds of more than 170 m/s at an altitude of about 30 km (~15 Pa) and a latitude of 60–65°N. The longitudinal temperature and geopotential fields in the southern winter of Martian year 30 at latitudes between 49° and 69°S are dominated by a stationary zonal wave s = 1 structure in the lower atmosphere. Associated meridional wind fields retrieved by assuming geostrophic balance have amplitudes up to 12 m/s at the 200 Pa level. An investigation of small‐scale atmospheric waves reveals enhanced gravity wave activity in the daytime atmosphere above elevated terrain and in the winter extratropics. Radio occultation experiments also provide unique insight into the structure of the planetary boundary layer. The deepest convective boundary layers, up to 10 km, are found over elevated terrain.