Amino acid metabolism in pediatric patients
Amino acid metabolism in pediatric patients
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DOI：
10.1016/s0899-9007(97)00230-x
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Okada, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Imura, K;Okada, A
与能量需求一样，婴儿对蛋白质的需求相对较大，并随着年龄的增长而逐渐下降。儿科患者的氨基酸代谢特征如下。新生儿对必需氨基酸的需要量大于成人。由于苯丙氨酸羟化酶和胱硫醚酶活性低，容易发生高苯丙氨酸血症和高甲硫氨酸血症，而酪氨酸和半胱氨酸往往缺乏。除半胱氨酸和酪氨酸外，组氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸和牛磺酸被认为是半必需氨基酸。现在有不同种类的氨基酸配方来满足这些特定的要求，并且这些配方中的大多数旨在使血浆氨基酸图正常化。然而，这些配方奶粉对生长和发育的营养益处仍未完全得到证实，并且通过对这些配方奶粉进行一些修改，预期其用于特定疾病的药理学用途。(C)Elsevier Science Inc. 1998.
As with energy requirements, protein requirements are relatively much greater in infants and decline progressively with age. Amino acid metabolism in pediatric patients is characterized by the following differences. The requirement for essential amino acids in neonates is larger than that in adults. Because of low activity of phenylalanine hydroxylase and cystathionase, hyperphenylalaninemia and hypermethioninemia tend to occur, whereas tyrosine and cysteine tend to be deficient. In addition to cysteine and tyrosine, histidine, lysine, arginine and taurine are considered as semiessential amino acids. Nowadays there are different kinds of amino acid formulas to satisfy these specific requirements, and most of these formulas are intended to normalize the plasma aminogram. However, the nutritional benefit of these formulas for growth and development is still not completely proven, and the pharmacological use for specific diseases is expected with some modification of these formulas. (C) Elsevier Science Inc. 1998.