:Affirmative Advocacy: Race, Class, and Gender in Interest Group Politics
:Affirmative Advocacy: Race, Class, and Gender in Interest Group Politics
复制标题
：平权倡导：利益集团政治中的种族、阶级和性别
DOI：
10.1086/600315
复制
发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
John D. Skrentny
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
John D. Skrentny
加州大学圣地亚哥分校的Dara Strolovitch的《平权倡导：利益集团政治中的种族、阶级和性别》是一部重要的新著作，它促进了我们对理解权力和不平等的“交叉”方法的理解。虽然作者是一位政治学家，但这本书很容易就涉及到社会学，并获得了美国社会学协会种族、性别和阶级部分以及美国政治科学协会政治组织和政党部分的奖项。这里的重点是代表美国社会边缘群体的倡导团体，尤其是穷人、少数民族和妇女。斯特罗维奇指出，近年来，这些群体在法律上受到的排斥有所减少，但他们群体中的不平等现象也在加剧。这意味着这些人口内部存在多样性，因此问题和优先事项也存在多样性。考虑到这种多样性，倡导团体选择进行哪些斗争？边缘化人群中的哪些群体和哪些问题最受关注？在凯西·科恩（Cathy Cohen）等学者工作的基础上，斯特罗维奇很有帮助地为任何倡导团体构建了政策选择的框架。一个倡导团体可能追求有利于所有人的政策（普遍问题），或大多数成员（多数问题），或只有少数人（有利的子群体或不利的子群体问题）。Strolovitch对倡导团体的选择提出质疑，是在解决“交叉”边缘化的问题：
University of California, San Diego Dara Strolovitch’s Affirmative Advocacy: Race, Class and Gender in Interest Group Politics is a major new work that advances our understanding of “intersectional” approaches to understanding power and inequality. Though written by a political scientist, the book easily crosses over to sociology, and it has won awards from the American Sociological Association’s section on Race, Gender and Class as well as the American Political Science Association’s section on Political Organizations and Parties.The focus here is on advocacy groups that represent marginalized groups in American society—especially the poor, racial minorities, and women. Strolovitch notes that these groups have enjoyed decreasing legal exclusion in recent years—but also increasing inequality in their populations. This means that there is diversity within these populations, and thus diversity of problems and priorities. Given this diversity, which battles do advocacy groups choose to fight? Which groups and which problems within marginalized populations get the most attention? Building on work by scholars such as Cathy Cohen, Strolovich helpfully frames the universe of policy options for any advocacy group. An advocacy group may pursue policies that benefit all within the group’s mandate (universal issues), or most of the members (majority issues), or only a minority (either advantaged subgroup or disadvantaged subgroup issues). In asking questions about the choices made by advocacy groups, Strolovitch is addressing the problems of the “intersectionally” marginalized: