Phytomonitoring and phytoremediation of agrochemicals and related compounds based on recombinant cytochrome P450s and aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs).
Phytomonitoring and phytoremediation of agrochemicals and related compounds based on recombinant cytochrome P450s and aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs).
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DOI：
10.1021/jf102561d
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发表时间：
2011-04
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Sayuri Shimazu;Hideyuki Inui;H. Ohkawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sayuri Shimazu;Hideyuki Inui;H. Ohkawa
农用化学品和相关化合物的代谢和作用模式的分子机制对于理解选择性毒性、生物降解性和监测对非靶标生物的生物效应是重要的。众所周知，在哺乳动物中，细胞色素P450（P450或P450）单加氧酶代谢亲脂性外来化合物。这些P450种类是可诱导的，并且CYP 1A 1和CYP 1A 2都由与配体结合的芳烃受体（AhR）诱导。建立了P450和NADPH细胞色素P450氧化还原酶（P450 reductase）的基因工程，用于生物转化。此外，开发了AhR的基因修饰用于AhR配体的重组AhR介导的β-葡萄糖醛酸酶（GUS）报告基因测定。将重组P450基因转化到植物中用于植物修复，并将重组AhR介导的GUS报告基因表达系统各自转化到植物中用于植物监测。转CYP 2B 6基因水稻植株代谢除草剂异丙甲草胺，显著降低了异丙甲草胺在水稻植株和土壤中的残留。在生物表面活性剂MEL-B存在下，携带重组豚鼠（g）AhR介导的GUS报告基因的转基因拟南芥植物检测到10 ng/g土壤水平的PCB 126。植物监测和植物修复植物均从实际用途的角度进行了评估。
Molecular mechanisms of metabolism and modes of actions of agrochemicals and related compounds are important for understanding selective toxicity, biodegradability, and monitoring of biological effects on nontarget organisms. It is well-known that in mammals, cytochrome P450 (P450 or CYP) monooxygenases metabolize lipophilic foreign compounds. These P450 species are inducible, and both CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 are induced by aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) combined with a ligand. Gene engineering of P450 and NADPH cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (P450 reductase) was established for bioconversion. Also, gene modification of AhRs was developed for recombinant AhR-mediated β-glucronidase (GUS) reporter assay of AhR ligands. Recombinant P450 genes were transformed into plants for phytoremediation, and recombinant AhR-mediated GUS reporter gene expression systems were each transformed into plants for phytomonitoring. Transgenic rice plants carrying CYP2B6 metabolized the herbicide metolachlor and remarkably reduced the residues in the plants and soils under paddy field conditions. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants carrying recombinant guinea pig (g) AhR-mediated GUS reporter genes detected PCB126 at the level of 10 ng/g soils in the presence of biosurfactants MEL-B. Both phytomonitoring and phytoremediation plants were each evaluated from the standpoint of practical uses.