Measurement errors in the assessment of exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and its impact on risk estimates in epidemiological studies
Measurement errors in the assessment of exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and its impact on risk estimates in epidemiological studies
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DOI：
10.1039/c0pp00333f
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dadvand, Payam;Basagana, Xavier;Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark
到目前为止，许多关于紫外线辐射（UVR）暴露对人类健康的长期影响的研究都依赖于一系列替代因素，如居住城市的纬度，环境UVR水平或在户外度过的时间来估计个人UVR暴露。本研究旨在区分个人行为和周围的紫外线辐射水平对面部紫外线辐射暴露的贡献，并评估使用紫外线辐射暴露替代品对检测辐射结果的影响。时间活动，假日行为，和环境紫外线辐射水平的数据，获得了成年人（年龄25-55岁）室内工作者在6个欧洲城市：雅典（37度N），格勒诺布尔（45度N），米兰（45度N），布拉格（50度N），牛津（52度N），和赫尔辛基（60度N）。使用行为UVR暴露模型，模拟每个城市10 000名受试者的年度UVR面部暴露水平。城市内的面部紫外线辐射暴露的变化是城市之间的变化的三倍，主要是因为时间活动模式。在单变量模型中，周围的紫外线辐射水平，纬度和户外时间，每个占不到四分之一的面部暴露水平的变化。使用这些替代品来评估长期暴露于UVR导致需要超过四倍的参与者才能实现与应用模拟面部暴露的研究相似的统计功效。我们的研究结果强调了在暴露评估方法中整合个人行为和环境紫外线辐射水平/纬度的重要性。
To date, many studies addressing long-term effects of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure on human health have relied on a range of surrogates such as the latitude of the city of residence, ambient UVR levels, or time spent outdoors to estimate personal UVR exposure. This study aimed to differentiate the contributions of personal behaviour and ambient UVR levels on facial UVR exposure and to evaluate the impact of using UVR exposure surrogates on detecting exposure-outcome associations. Data on time-activity, holiday behaviour, and ambient UVR levels were obtained for adult (aged 25-55 years old) indoor workers in six European cities: Athens (37 degrees N), Grenoble (45 degrees N), Milan (45 degrees N), Prague (50 degrees N), Oxford (52 degrees N), and Helsinki (60 degrees N). Annual UVR facial exposure levels were simulated for 10 000 subjects for each city, using a behavioural UVR exposure model. Within-city variations of facial UVR exposure were three times larger than the variation between cities, mainly because of time-activity patterns. In univariate models, ambient UVR levels, latitude and time spent outdoors, each accounted for less than one fourth of the variation in facial exposure levels. Use of these surrogates to assess long-term exposure to UVR resulted in requiring more than four times more participants to achieve similar statistical power to the study that applied simulated facial exposure. Our results emphasise the importance of integrating both personal behaviour and ambient UVR levels/latitude in exposure assessment methodologies.