Flower plantings increase wild bee abundance and the pollination services provided to a pollination-dependent crop
Flower plantings increase wild bee abundance and the pollination services provided to a pollination-dependent crop
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2664.12257
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发表时间：
2014-08-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Isaacs, Rufus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blaauw, Brett R.;Isaacs, Rufus
1. 野生昆虫的授粉服务有助于提高世界各地的作物生产力，但却面临着农业景观下降的风险。我们以高丛蓝莓为模型系统，测试了在作物田附近种植野花是否会增加作物开花期间野生传粉媒介的丰度，从而提高传粉和产量。2009年播种了15种多年生野花，在随后的3年里，它们提供了季节性的开花，增加了植物密度和花面积。3. 在本研究的所有4年中，到访蓝莓花的蜜蜂在增强田和对照田的丰度相似，而在野花种植附近的田，野生蜜蜂和麻蚜的丰度每年都在增加。作物授粉参数，包括坐果率、浆果重量和每浆果成熟种子，在播种后3年和4年，邻近野花种植的田地显著更高，导致作物产量更高，相关收入超过了建立和维护野花的成本。合成与应用。我们认为，在资源贫乏的农业景观中，在依赖传粉媒介的作物附近为蜜蜂提供饲料栖息地可以保护野生传粉媒介。随着时间的推移，这些种植可以支持更高的作物产量，并为野花种子和种植设施的初始投资带来回报，还可以防止管理传粉媒介的损失。进一步了解种植规模、地点和景观环境的重要性，将需要有效地实施这种做法，以支持作物授粉。
1. Pollination services from wild insects contribute to crop productivity around the world, but are at risk of decline in agricultural landscapes. Using highbush blueberry as a model system, we tested whether wildflower plantings established adjacent to crop fields would increase the abundance of wild pollinators during crop bloom and enhance pollination and yield.2. Plantings were seeded in 2009 with a mix of 15 perennial wildflower species that provided season-long bloom and increased plant density and floral area during the subsequent3 years. 3. Honeybees visiting blueberry flowers had similar abundance in enhanced and control fields in all 4 years of this study, whereas wild bee and syrphid abundance increased annually in the fields adjacent to wildflower plantings.4. Crop pollination parameters including percentage fruit set, berry weight and mature seeds per berry were significantly greater in fields adjacent to wildflower plantings 3 and 4 years after seeding, leading to higher crop yields and with the associated revenue exceeding the cost of wildflower establishment and maintenance.5. Synthesis and applications. We suggest that provision of forage habitat for bees adjacent to pollinator-dependent crops can conserve wild pollinators in otherwise resource-poor agricultural landscapes. Over time, these plantings can support higher crop yields and bring a return on the initial investment in wildflower seed and planting establishment, also insuring against loss of managed pollinators. Further understanding of the importance of planting size, location and landscape context will be required to effectively implement this practice to support crop pollination.