Sex and hedgehog: roles of genes in the hedgehog signaling pathway in mammalian sexual differentiation.
Sex and hedgehog: roles of genes in the hedgehog signaling pathway in mammalian sexual differentiation.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10577-011-9254-z
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发表时间：
2012-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Yao, Humphrey H. -C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Franco, Heather L.;Yao, Humphrey H. -C.
哺乳动物胚胎的染色体状态开启了一个多阶段的性发育过程，在这个过程中，双电位生殖系统将自己确立为男性或女性。这些事件是由复杂的细胞间和器官间的通讯所控制的，这种通讯是由多种信号通路调节的。刺猬信号通路最初被认为在果蝇的发育中起关键作用，但现在被认为是包括人类在内的许多物种的关键发育调节因子。除了其发育作用外，hedgehog信号通路还调节成人器官功能，并且该通路的错误调节经常导致疾病，如癌症。hedgehog信号通路通过其形态发生配体发挥作用，该配体通过特定距离从配体产生细胞向靶细胞发出信号。然后，靶细胞根据它们所接触的配体的浓度，以分级的方式作出反应。通过这种独特的作用机制，刺猬信号通路引发细胞命运决定、上皮-间质相互作用和细胞稳态。在这里，我们回顾了刺猬信号在生殖器官两性二态发育中的作用，重点是哺乳动物和其他物种的比较证据。
The chromosome status of the mammalian embryo initiates a multistage process of sexual development in which the bipotential reproductive system establishes itself as either male or female. These events are governed by intricate cell–cell and interorgan communication that is regulated by multiple signaling pathways. The hedgehog signaling pathway was originally identified for its key role in the development of Drosophila, but is now recognized as a critical developmental regulator in many species, including humans. In addition to its developmental roles, the hedgehog signaling pathway also modulates adult organ function, and misregulation of this pathway often leads to diseases, such as cancer. The hedgehog signaling pathway acts through its morphogenetic ligands that signal from ligand-producing cells to target cells over a specified distance. The target cells then respond in a graded manner based on the concentration of the ligands that they are exposed to. Through this unique mechanism of action, the hedgehog signaling pathway elicits cell fate determination, epithelial–mesenchymal interactions, and cellular homeostasis. Here, we review current findings on the roles of hedgehog signaling in the sexually dimorphic development of the reproductive organs with an emphasis on mammals and comparative evidence in other species.
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