The decline of guilds and their monopoly in English provincial towns,with particular reference to Exeter,.Vol.46:isuue3 ps443-463
The decline of guilds and their monopoly in English provincial towns,with particular reference to Exeter,.Vol.46:isuue3 ps443-463
复制标题
行会的衰落及其在英国省级城镇的垄断，特别参考埃克塞特，.Vol.46：isuue3 ps443-463
DOI：
10.1017/s0963926818000408
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
Yoneyama,Masaru
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
阿部 正浩;菅 万理;勇上 和史;大島 朋剛;黒羽雅子;黒羽雅子;黒羽 雅子;黒羽 雅子;黒羽雅子;黒羽雅子;黒羽雅子;黒羽 雅子;長谷川直哉編（分担執筆）;米山秀（訳）P.EarlEarl(著）;米山秀;Yoneyama,Masaru
本文以埃克塞特的塔克斯公司为个案，探讨近代早期英国手工业行会的衰落。从20世纪80年代开始，这一案例在有关行会衰落的史学争论中占据了突出地位;然而，最近没有对其进行研究。目前的研究表明，塔克斯公司并不是一个行会成员减少的案例，而是一个行会垄断地位丧失并随之向慈善职能过渡的案例。在实证资料的基础上，本研究还揭示了内战后埃克塞特城市政治转型的机制和背景。首先，皇家权威的衰落支撑了行会与城市政府的对抗;其次，随着商人富勒的崛起，行会中的权力发生了转移。最后，文章的研究结果的史学意义进行了讨论。
This article examines the decline of the craft guilds in early modern England by way of a case-study of the Tuckers’ Company in Exeter. From the 1980s, this case figured prominently in the historiographical debate concerning guild decline; however, it has not been examined recently. The current study reveals the Tuckers’ Company is not a case of decline in guild membership so much as a case of the loss of guild monopoly and a concomitant transition to charitable functions. On the basis of empirical sources, this study also reveals the mechanisms and context of this transformation in the post-Civil War politics of the city of Exeter. Specific attention is given to first, the decline of royal authority bolstering the guild against the city government and secondly, the shift of power in the guild with the ascendance of the merchant fullers. Finally, the historiographical implications of the article's findings are discussed.