The Chara Genome: Secondary Complexity and Implications for Plant Terrestrialization
The Chara Genome: Secondary Complexity and Implications for Plant Terrestrialization
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cell.2018.06.033
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发表时间：
2018-07-12
期刊：
影响因子：
64.5
通讯作者：
Rensing, Stefan A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nishiyama, Tomoaki;Sakayama, Hidetoshi;Rensing, Stefan A.
陆生植物是由藻类植物进化而来，其中藻类植物具有最复杂的身体结构。我们展示了Chara braunii的基因组；与陆地植物基因组的比较发现了植物陆地化和陆地植物遗传基因的进化新颖性。C. braunii利用独特的木聚糖合成酶进行细胞壁生物合成，具有类似于陆地植物的层质体（细胞分离）机制，以及许多植物激素。C. braunii的质体是通过类似陆生植物的逆行信号来控制的，其转录调控比其他藻类更为复杂。这种生物体的形态复杂性可能源于基因家族的扩大，其中有三种情况特别值得注意：影响活性氧（ROS）耐受性的基因、LysM受体样激酶和转录因子（tf）。有性生殖结构的转录组学分析揭示了TFs的复杂控制，ROS基因网络的活性，以及合子中植物样储存和应激保护蛋白的祖先使用。
Land plants evolved from charophytic algae, among which Charophyceae possess the most complex body plans. We present the genome of Chara braunii; comparison of the genome to those of land plants identified evolutionary novelties for plant terrestrialization and land plant heritage genes. C. braunii employs unique xylan synthases for cell wall biosynthesis, a phragmoplast (cell separation) mechanism similar to that of land plants, and many phytohormones. C. braunii plastids are controlled via landplant- like retrograde signaling, and transcriptional regulation is more elaborate than in other algae. The morphological complexity of this organism may result from expanded gene families, with three cases of particular note: genes effecting tolerance to reactive oxygen species (ROS), LysM receptor-like kinases, and transcription factors (TFs). Transcriptomic analysis of sexual reproductive structures reveals intricate control by TFs, activity of the ROS gene network, and the ancestral use of plant-like storage and stress protection proteins in the zygote.