Interneurons in the flight system of the cricketTeleogryllus oceanicus
Interneurons in the flight system of the cricketTeleogryllus oceanicus
复制标题
蟋蟀飞行系统中的中间神经元Teleogryllus oceanicus
DOI：
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Robertson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Robertson
摘要1.建立了一种去传入的大洋蟋蟀标本，以研究与飞行节律同步活动的胸椎神经元的形态和生理特性。2.选定的翼肌的肌电记录确立了完整的飞行运动模式的特性。去传入降低了运动模式的重复频率。这种减少主要是通过增加从降压肌激活到升降肌激活的潜伏期来实现的。从升起到降压肌激活的潜伏期变得不那么可变。3.使用含荧光黄的玻璃微电极从飞行神经元的神经束节段进行细胞内记录。鉴定出两个运动神经元。本文鉴定并描述了5个时相活跃的中间神经元。4.蟋蟀飞行神经元的特性与蝗虫的非常相似。膜电位振荡是由兴奋性和抑制性突触的时相输入启动和维持的。在没有其他输入的情况下，运动神经元倾向于每周期放电一次，而中间神经元则发出3至6个棘波的高频脉冲。识别出与飞行运动神经元有短潜伏期连接的中间神经元，或有能力在受到刺激时重新设定飞行节奏的中间神经元。5.蟋蟀飞行中间神经元的组织结构与蝗虫飞行中间神经元的组织结构非常相似。重要的飞行中间神经元(即能够重置飞行节律的神经元)起源于与后胸椎神经节融合的腹部神经节。此外，还有一些证据表明，在后胸椎神经节团的三个融合神经聚体中存在一组连续同源的中间神经元。6.本文的结果与以下观点一致：蝗虫和蟋蟀的飞行系统共享一个神经元间组织的基本特征，这种基本特征是飞行系统进化起源的结果，而不是对飞行的特定适应。
Summary1.A deafferented preparation of the cricketTeleogryllus oceanicus was developed to investigate the morphological and physiological properties of thoracic neurons which are phasically active with the flight rhythm.2.Electromyographic recordings from selected wing muscles established properties of the intact flight motor pattern. Deafferentation reduced the repetition frequency of the motor pattern. This reduction was mediated mainly by an increase in the latency from depressor muscle activation to elevator muscle activation. The latency from elevator to depressor muscle activation became less variable.3.Intracellular recordings were taken from the neuropil segments of flight neurons using glass microelectrodes containing Lucifer Yellow. Two motoneurons were identified. Five phasically active interneurons were identified and are described in this paper.4.Properties of flight neurons of crickets were very similar to those of locusts. Membrane potential oscillations were initiated and maintained by phasic excitatory and inhibitory synaptic input. Motoneurons tended to fire once per cycle in the absence of other input whereas interneurons fired high frequency bursts of 3 to 6 spikes. Interneurons with short latency connections to flight motoneurons or with the ability to reset the flight rhythm when stimulated, were identified. Flight activity in neurons was modulated by concurrent wind, ventilatory or auditory input.5.The organization of cricket flight interneurons also was very similar to the organization of locust flight interneurons. Important flight interneurons (i.e. capable of resetting the flight rhythm) originated in the abdominal neuromeres fused with the metathoracic neuromere. Additionally, there was some evidence for the existence of sets of serially homologous interneurons in the three fused neuromeres of the metathoracic ganglionic mass.6.The results reported here are consistent with the idea that the flight systems of locusts and crickets share a fundamental feature of interneuronal organization that results from the evolutionary origin of the flight system and is not a specific adaptation for flight.