Control of inward rectifier K channel activity by lipid tethering of cytoplasmic domains.

Control of inward rectifier K channel activity by lipid tethering of cytoplasmic domains.
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DOI:
10.1085/jgp.200709764
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发表时间:
2007-09
期刊:
The Journal of general physiology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Nichols CG
Nichols CG
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Enkvetchakul D;Jeliazkova I;Bhattacharyya J;Nichols CG

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非跨膜结构域和脂质膜之间的相互作用被提出来调节许多离子通道的活性。在Kir通道中,提出所谓的“滑动螺旋”与脂质头基相互作用并控制通道门控。我们研究了这种可能性,直接在无细胞系统组成的KirBac1.1重组成纯脂质囊泡。带正电荷的滑动螺旋残基(R49 C和K57 C)的半胱氨酸取代导致通道活性丧失,这是通过MTSET+或MTSEA+修饰后原位恢复电荷而挽救的,但不是MTSES−或中性MMTS。引人注目的是,活性也通过用长链烷基-MTS试剂进行修饰来拯救。预期这样的试剂分配到膜中,并因此将侧链拴系到膜。系统扫描揭示了烷基MTS修饰后被激活或抑制的额外的滑动螺旋残基。出现一种模式,其中滑动螺旋的N末端或C末端的脂质束缚分别抑制或激活通道活性。本研究确立了滑动螺旋在Kir通道门控中的关键作用,并直接证明了可溶性结构域与膜的物理相互作用可以控制离子通道活性。
Interactions between nontransmembrane domains and the lipid membrane are proposed to modulate activity of many ion channels. In Kir channels, the so-called “slide-helix” is proposed to interact with the lipid headgroups and control channel gating. We examined this possibility directly in a cell-free system consisting of KirBac1.1 reconstituted into pure lipid vesicles. Cysteine substitution of positively charged slide-helix residues (R49C and K57C) leads to loss of channel activity that is rescued by in situ restoration of charge following modification by MTSET+ or MTSEA+, but not MTSES− or neutral MMTS. Strikingly, activity is also rescued by modification with long-chain alkyl-MTS reagents. Such reagents are expected to partition into, and hence tether the side chain to, the membrane. Systematic scanning reveals additional slide-helix residues that are activated or inhibited following alkyl-MTS modification. A pattern emerges whereby lipid tethering of the N terminus, or C terminus, of the slide-helix, respectively inhibits, or activates, channel activity. This study establishes a critical role of the slide-helix in Kir channel gating, and directly demonstrates that physical interaction of soluble domains with the membrane can control ion channel activity.
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