Epibionts and parasites of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Metapenaeus dobsoni from Gosthani estuary
Epibionts and parasites of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Metapenaeus dobsoni from Gosthani estuary
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DOI：
10.1080/00222930150215297
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发表时间：
2001-02-01
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Madhavi, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jayasree, L;Janakiram, P;Madhavi, R
本文报道了采自维沙卡帕特南附近的Bheemunipatnam的Gosthani河口的两种重要经济对虾--多布氏新对虾Metapenaeus dobsoni（Miers）和罗氏沼虾Macrobrachium rosenbergium（De Man）的幼虾，在1995年8月至1996年8月期间，对印度的一些地区进行了详细的研究，以查明各种附着生物和寄生虫，并监测常见物种出现和数量的季节性变化纤毛虫和蠕虫幼虫。在对虾中发现了广泛的原生动物和后生动物寄生虫。原生动物以属于Zoothamnium、Epistylis、Acineta、Vorticella属的表皮纤毛虫、一种身份不明的使徒纤毛虫和两种gregarines为代表。后生动物寄生虫包括Opecoelidae和Microphallidae科的囊蚴，幼虫绦虫，幼虫线虫和两种bpyrid等足类。共发现8种M. rosenbertophilus和11种感染M. dobsoni。大多数寄生虫感染了两种宿主。寄生虫区系的优势成员是围毛纤毛虫和使徒纤毛虫，以高流行率和高密度出现在两种对虾的体表。所有其他感染都很少遇到。感染gregarines仅限于M。dobsoni，而微噬菌体囊蚴仅见于M.罗森伯托。动物伤寒杆菌感染在M. Rosenberthan在M. dobsoni。注意到由于两个物种的行为不同，寄生虫区系存在明显差异。季节性Zoothamelae感染的高峰期在季风和季风后的几个月，这些感染似乎是直接由栖息地的盐度和间接的降雨。Apostome纤毛虫感染在11月和2月期间达到高峰。Opecoelid囊蚴感染仅限于8月至2月期间，夏季为高峰期。
Juveniles of two species of commercially important prawns, Metapenaeus dobsoni (Miers) and Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) collected from Gosthani estuary, Bheemunipatnam near Visakhapatnam, India during the period August 1995 to August 1996 were subjected to a detailed study with a view to identifying the various species of epibionts and parasites and to monitor the seasonal changes in the occurrence and abundance of common species of ciliates and larval helminths. A wide range of protozoan and metazoan parasite species was encountered in the prawns. The protozoans were represented by epicommensal ciliates belonging to the genera Zoothamnium, Epistylis, Acineta, Vorticella, an unidentified apostome ciliate and two species of gregarines. The metazoan parasites included metacercariae of families Opecoelidae and Microphallidae, a larval cestode, a larval nematode and two species of bopyrid isopods. Altogether eight species were found infecting M. rosenbergii and 11 species infected M. dobsoni. A majority of the parasite species infected both the hosts. The peritrichous and apostome ciliates constituted the dominant members of the parasite fauna, occurring on both species of prawns as epibionts with high prevalence and density. All the other infections were rarely encountered. Infections with gregarines were restricted to M. dobsoni while those of microphallid metacercariae were found only in M. rosenbergii. Zoothamnium infections were more common on M. rosenbergii than on M. dobsoni. Apparent differences in the parasite fauna, attributed to differences in the behaviour of the two species, were noted. Seasonally Zoothamnium infections were at their peak during monsoon and post-monsoon months and these infections appear to be governed directly by salinity of the habitat and indirectly by the rainfall. Apostome ciliate infections were at their peak during the months November and February. Opecoelid metacercarial infections were confined to the period August to February, with peak during summer months.