Age Differences in Affective Decision Making as Indexed by Performance on the Iowa Gambling Task
Age Differences in Affective Decision Making as Indexed by Performance on the Iowa Gambling Task
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DOI：
10.1037/a0016128
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Woolard, Jennifer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cauffman, Elizabeth;Shulman, Elizabeth P.;Woolard, Jennifer
当代观点的风险承担的年龄差异，在发展神经科学的进步，强调有必要研究的方式，情感和认知因素相互作用，影响决策。在本研究中，901名年龄在10岁到30岁之间的个体被试接受了爱荷华州赌博任务的修改版本，该任务旨在测量情感决策。结果表明，方法的行为（操作的倾向，发挥越来越多的优势甲板上的任务过程中）显示一个倒U形的年龄关系，在青春期中后期达到高峰。与此相反，回避行为（操作的倾向，避免从不利的甲板上玩）随着年龄的增长呈线性增长，与成年人避免不利的甲板在更高的利率比前青少年和青少年。青少年，与成年人相比，是相对更多的方法为导向的积极反馈和较少的回避反应的消极反馈是一致的，与最近的研究大脑发育，以及流行病学数据的各种类型的危险行为，并可能有重要的实际意义，预防青少年冒险。
Contemporary perspectives on age differences in risk taking, informed by advances in developmental neuroscience, have emphasized the need to examine the ways in which emotional and cognitive factors interact to influence decision making. In the present study, a diverse sample of 901 individuals between the ages of 10 and 30 were administered a modified version of the Iowa Gambling Task, which is designed to measure affective decision making. Results indicate that approach behaviors (operationalized as the tendency to play increasingly from the advantageous decks over the course of the task) display an inverted U-shape relation to age, peaking in mid- to late adolescence. In contrast, avoidance behaviors (operationalized as the tendency to refrain from playing from the disadvantageous decks) increase linearly with age, with adults avoiding disadvantageous decks at higher rates than both preadolescents and adolescents. The finding that adolescents, compared to adults, are relatively more approach oriented in response to positive feedback and less avoidant in response to negative feedback is consistent with recent studies of brain development, as well as epidemiological data on various types of risky behavior, and may have important practical implications for the prevention of adolescent risk taking.