Variability of fine particle deposition in healthy adults: Effect of age and gender
Variability of fine particle deposition in healthy adults: Effect of age and gender
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DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm.153.5.8630615
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发表时间：
1996-05-01
影响因子：
24.7
通讯作者：
Kim, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bennett, WD;Zeman, KL;Kim, C
最近的流行病学研究表明，老年人死亡率的增加与空气颗粒污染有关。我们调查了62名肺功能正常的18 ~ 80岁受试者的吸入颗粒（2 μ m质量中值空气动力学直径[MMAD]）的沉积分数（DF）的变异性。每个受试者吸入2 μ m单分散巴西棕榈蜡颗粒，同时遵循先前通过该受试者的呼吸感应体积描记法确定的呼吸模式（即，受试者在休息时的自发模式）。通过激光气溶胶光度法和口部呼吸速度测定法测定逐呼吸DF（未呼出的颗粒/吸入的总颗粒的比率）。DF（平均DF = 0.29 +/- 0.06（年龄18至40岁），0.29 +/- 0.07（年龄41至60岁）和0.26 +/- 0.06（年龄60岁以上）与年龄无关。女性受试者的DF有大于男性受试者的趋势; DF = 0.30 +/- 0.07（女性）和0.27 +/- 0.06（男性）（4 = 0.06）;然而，因为雄性的每分钟通气量比雌性高45%，所以沉积速率（D-速率），或每单位时间的颗粒沉积，男性比女性高30%（p = 0.004）。多元回归分析显示，在所有受试者中，DF的变异性最好通过与用于呼吸颗粒的模式相关的呼吸周期（T）的变异性以及受试者的比气道阻力（sRaw）来预测。这些结果可能有助于确定可能与吸入环境空气中的污染物颗粒有关的年龄和性别相对风险。
Recent epidemiologic studies suggest increased mortality among the elderly in association with particulate air pollution. We investigated the variability in fractional deposition (DF) of inhaled particles (2 mu m mass median aerodynamic diameter [MMAD]) in 62 subjects with normal lung function, aged 18 to 80 yr. Each subject inhaled 2-mu m monodisperse carnauba wax particles while following a breathing pattern previously determined by respiratory inductance plethysmography in that subject (i.e., the subject's spontaneous pattern at rest). Breath-by-breath DF (ratio of particles not exhaled/total particles inhaled) was determined by laser aerosol photometry and pneumotachometry at the mouth. DF (mean DF = 0.29 +/- 0.06 (ages 18 to 40 yr), 0.29 +/- 0.07 (ages 41 to 60 yr), and 0.26 +/- 0.06 (age over 60 yr) was independent Of age. There was a tendency toward greater DF in female than in male subjects; DF = 0.30 +/- 0.07 (females) and 0.27 +/- 0.06 (males) (4 = 0.06); however, because the males had 45% higher minute ventilations than the females, the deposition rate (D-rate), or particles depositing per unit of time, was 30% greater in males than in females (p = 0.004). Multiple regression analysis showed that among all subjects, the variability in DF was best predicted by variability in the breathing period (T) associated with the pattern used to breathe the particles, and by the subject's specific airway resistance (sRaw). These results may prove useful in determining age- and gender-relative risks that may be associated with the inhalation of pollutant particles in ambient air.