Cidofovir in the treatment of poxvirus infections.

Cidofovir in the treatment of poxvirus infections.
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Cidofovir治疗痘病毒感染。

DOI:
10.1016/s0166-3542(02)00008-6
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发表时间:
2002-07
期刊:
影响因子:
7.6
通讯作者:
De Clercq, E
De Clercq, E
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
De Clercq, E

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西多福韦[(S)-1-(3-羟基-2-膦酰基甲氧基丙基)胞嘧啶,HPMPC]自1996年以来已被批准用于治疗艾滋病患者的巨细胞病毒(CMV)视网膜炎的临床使用。西多福韦对几乎所有的DNA病毒,包括疱疹病毒、腺病毒、多瘤病毒、乳头状瘤病毒和痘病毒具有广谱活性。在痘病毒中,牛痘、天花、牛痘、猴痘、骆驼痘、传染性软疣和羊口疮已被证明对西多福韦的抑制作用敏感。在体内,西多福韦已显示出高效力,即使在单次全身(腹膜内)或鼻内(雾化)剂量给药后,也能保护小鼠免受牛痘或牛痘致死性呼吸道感染。西多福韦还在治疗严重联合免疫缺陷小鼠中的牛痘病毒感染中表现出高度有效性。在人类,西多福韦已成功地用于治疗,通过局部和静脉途径,在免疫功能低下的患者中的传染性软疣和口腔溃疡。总之,这些数据表明,西多福韦应该是有效的治疗和短期预防天花和相关的痘病毒感染的人,以及治疗并发症的牛痘,可能会出现在免疫功能低下的患者无意中接种天花疫苗(牛痘)。
Cidofovir [(S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine, HPMPC] has since 1996 been licensed for clinical use in the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients. Cidofovir has broad-spectrum activity against virtually all DNA viruses, including herpes-, adeno-, polyoma-, papilloma- and poxviruses. Among the poxviruses, vaccinia, variola (smallpox), cowpox, monkeypox, camelpox, molluscum contagiosum and orf have proven sensitive to the inhibitory effects of cidofovir. In vivo, cidofovir has shown high efficacy, even after administration of a single systemic (intraperitoneal) or intranasal (aerosolized) dose, in protecting mice from a lethal respiratory infection with either vaccinia or cowpox. Cidofovir has also demonstrated high effectiveness in the treatment of vaccinia virus infection in severe combined immune deficiency mice. In humans, cidofovir has been used successfully in the treatment, by both the topical and intravenous route, of recalcitrant molluscum contagiosum and orf in immunocompromised patients. Taken together, these data indicate that cidofovir should be effective in the therapy and short-term prophylaxis of smallpox and related poxvirus infections in humans, as well as the treatment of the complications of vaccinia that may arise in immunocompromised patients inadvertently inoculated with the smallpox vaccine (vaccinia).
DOI: 10.1001/archderm.133.8.987
发表时间: 1997-08-01
影响因子: --
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