The Integrative Biology of Gecko Adhesion: Historical Review, Current Understanding, and Grand Challenges
The Integrative Biology of Gecko Adhesion: Historical Review, Current Understanding, and Grand Challenges
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DOI：
10.1093/icb/icz032
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Higham, Timothy E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Russell, Anthony P.;Stark, Alyssa Y.;Higham, Timothy E.
壁虎的非凡之处在于它们能够可逆地附着在光滑的垂直表面，甚至是倒置的表面上。然而，解开壁虎做到这一点的确切机制是一个漫长的过程，在过去的两个世纪里涉及到各种方法。在过去的20年里，我们对壁虎粘合原理的了解取得了迅速的进步，材料科学家们试图利用这种知识来模仿该系统来制造人造粘合剂。从生物学的角度来看，最近的研究考察了粘合设备在形态、性能和现实世界中使用的多样性。然而，缺乏多学科交叉很可能是获得新见解的关键障碍。我们的目标是：1)介绍壁虎黏附研究的历史回顾，2)讨论黏附装置的机制和形态，3)讨论该系统的起源和在真实环境中的性能，4)讨论仿生设计的进展，5)提出壁虎黏附研究的重大挑战。为了继续提高我们的理解，并更有效地将壁虎粘附性原理用于人类应用，有必要加强跨学科研究的强度和范围。
Geckos are remarkable in their ability to reversibly adhere to smooth vertical, and even inverted surfaces. However, unraveling the precise mechanisms by which geckos do this has been a long process, involving various approaches over the last two centuries. Our understanding of the principles by which gecko adhesion operates has advanced rapidly over the past 20years and, with this knowledge, material scientists have attempted to mimic the system to create artificial adhesives. From a biological perspective, recent studies have examined the diversity in morphology, performance, and real-world use of the adhesive apparatus. However, the lack of multidisciplinarity is likely a key roadblock to gaining new insights. Our goals in this paper are to 1) present a historical review of gecko adhesion research, 2) discuss the mechanisms and morphology of the adhesive apparatus, 3) discuss the origin and performance of the system in real-world contexts, 4) discuss advancement in bio-inspired design, and 5) present grand challenges in gecko adhesion research. To continue to improve our understanding, and to more effectively employ the principles of gecko adhesion for human applications, greater intensity and scope of interdisciplinary research are necessary.