Contribution of N,N-dimethylformamide to formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine by chloramination in sewage treatment plants and receiving rivers
Contribution of N,N-dimethylformamide to formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine by chloramination in sewage treatment plants and receiving rivers
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N,N-二甲基甲酰胺对污水处理厂和受纳河流中氯胺化形成N-亚硝基二甲胺的贡献
DOI：
10.1016/j.watres.2021.116827
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Nakada Norihide
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhao Bo;Nakada Norihide
特定前体对氯胺化过程中N-亚硝基二甲胺生成潜力（NDMA FP）的贡献不仅取决于它们的NDMA摩尔产率，还取决于它们在实际环境中的浓度。我们调查了季节性和昼夜模式的NDMA杀虫剂N，N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）和NDMA FP在淀川流域，日本，通过检查水样本取自流域内最大的污水处理厂（STP），以及从五个最终流出物的样品从四个STP，两个主要的流网站，和两个支流网站在同一流域。DMF和NDMA FP被发现是高的流入物（原污水），并被发现在STP处理过程中（特别是生物处理）的大部分被删除。然而，在氯化废水和接收河流中发现DMF的浓度为0.06至31.7微克/升，而NDMA FP的浓度为3.57至306纳克/升。因此，STPs被证明是DMF和NDMA FP进入河流的重要来源。NDMA FP和DMF之间的强正相关性被证实在接收河流（K-M），表明DMF是一个重要的NDMA前体在淀川流域。由于来自最大STP的氯化流出物稀释不足，在河流的主流（站点K-M）中，DMF对NDMA FP的贡献在夏季为15.8±11.2%（n = 4），冬季为82.1±10.2%（n= 4）。从下游工厂NDMA和NDMA FP控制的角度来看，上游工厂DMF的监测和控制非常重要。
The contribution of specific precursors toN-nitrosodimethylamine formation potential (NDMA FP) upon chloramination depends not only on their NDMA molar yields but also on their concentrations in the actual environment. We investigated the seasonal and diurnal patterns of the NDMA precursorN,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and NDMA FP in the Yodo River basin, Japan, by examining water samples taken from inside the basin's largest sewage treatment plant (STP) as well as samples from five final effluents from four STPs, two main stream sites, and two tributary sites in the same basin. DMF and NDMA FP were found to be high in influent (raw sewage), and were found to be mostly removed during the STP treatment processes (especially with biological treatment). Nevertheless, DMF was found in concentrations of 0.06 to 31.7 µg/L in chlorinated effluents and in receiving rivers, while NDMA FP was detected in concentrations of 3.57 to 306 ng/L. Thus, STPs were shown to be an important source of DMF and NDMA FP to rivers. A strong positive correlation between NDMA FP and DMF was confirmed in the receiving river (K-M), indicating that DMF was an important NDMA precursor in the Yodo River basin. The contribution of DMF to NDMA FP was 15.8±11.2% (n= 4) in summer and 82.1±10.2% (n= 4) in winter in the main stream (site K-M) of the river due to insufficient dilution of chlorinated effluents from the largest STP. From the viewpoint of NDMA and NDMA FP control at downstream sites, monitoring and control of DMF at upstream sites are important.