Response of Eutrophication Development to Variations in Nutrients and Hydrological Regime: A Case Study in the Changjiang River (Yangtze) Basin
Response of Eutrophication Development to Variations in Nutrients and Hydrological Regime: A Case Study in the Changjiang River (Yangtze) Basin
复制标题
富营养化发展对营养盐和水文情势变化的响应——以长江流域为例
DOI：
10.3390/w12061634
复制
发表时间：
2020-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Scholz, Miklas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tang, Xianqiang;Li, Rui;Scholz, Miklas
利用长江流域水质和营养盐负荷的相关资料和文献，对长江流域的水文情势、泥沙输移和富营养化状况进行了评价。水体富营养化程度从高到低依次为河流<水库<湖泊。富营养化湖库分布在四川盆地上游和江汉平原，大多位于干流中游。近10年来，中度富营养化湖泊水面面积占总评价湖泊的比例从2009年的31.3%持续上升至2018年的42.7%，水库营养水平由中营养向轻度富营养快速发展。大量闸坝的建设和运行改变了径流、悬浮物和营养物质的自然输运节奏，降低了流速，导致径流量减少，水交换缓慢，河流和湖泊之间的连通性降低，营养物质和悬浮物积累，是富营养化的主要驱动力。建议采取重点断面营养盐浓度和通量联合控制和监测，加强灌溉回水和养殖废水的水质管理，平衡径流、SS和营养盐之间的输移，以减轻水体富营养化。
Data and literature related to water quality as well as nutrient loads were used to evaluate the Changjiang River (also Yangtze or Yangzi) Basin with respect to its hydrological regime, sediment transport, and eutrophication status. Waterbodies exhibited different eutrophic degrees following the ranking order of river < reservoir < lake. Most of the eutrophic lakes and reservoirs distributed in the upstream Sichuan Basin and Jianghan Plain are located in the middle main stream reaches. During the past decade, the water surface area proportion of moderately eutrophic lakes to total evaluated lakes continually increased from 31.3% in 2009 to 42.7% in 2018, and the trophic level of reservoirs rapidly developed from mesotrophic to slightly eutrophic. Construction and operation of numerous gates and dams changed the natural transportation rhythm of runoff, suspended solids (SS), and nutrients, and reduced flow velocity, resulting in decreased discharge runoff, slow water exchange, and decreased connectivity between rivers and lakes as well as accumulated nutrient and SS, which are the main driving forces of eutrophication. To mitigate eutrophication, jointly controlling and monitoring nutrient concentrations and flux at key sections, strengthening water quality management for irrigation backwater and aquaculture wastewater, and balancing transportation among runoff, SS, and nutrients is recommended.