Divergent global-scale temperature effects from identical aerosols emitted in different regions.

Divergent global-scale temperature effects from identical aerosols emitted in different regions.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-05838-6
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发表时间:
2018-08-17
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Caldeira K
Caldeira K
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Persad GG;Caldeira K

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人为气溶胶气候效应的分布取决于气溶胶本身的地理分布。然而,许多科学和政策讨论在评估气溶胶的气候影响时忽略了排放地点的作用。在这里,我们提出了新的气候模型的结果,展示了不同的气候响应的固定量和组成的气溶胶-模仿中国目前的排放量-从8个关键的地缘政治地区排放。从影响最大的排放区域(西欧)排放的气溶胶的全球平均冷却效应是从影响最小的排放区域(印度)排放的气溶胶的全球平均冷却效应的14倍。此外,辐射强迫,一个广泛使用的气候响应代理,失败作为一个有效的预测全球平均冷却的国家规模的气溶胶排放在我们的模拟;全球平均强迫冷却效率不同的五倍,取决于排放区域。这表明,气候核算应区分不同国家排放的气溶胶,气溶胶排放不断演变的地理分布将影响气候变化的全球规模和空间分布。人为气溶胶的气候效应取决于其空间分布,但在评估其气候影响时往往忽略排放位置。在这里,作者显示了模拟的全球温度对八个关键地缘政治地区排放的相同气溶胶的响应存在巨大差异。
The distribution of anthropogenic aerosols’ climate effects depends on the geographic distribution of the aerosols themselves. Yet many scientific and policy discussions ignore the role of emission location when evaluating aerosols’ climate impacts. Here, we present new climate model results demonstrating divergent climate responses to a fixed amount and composition of aerosol—emulating China’s present-day emissions—emitted from 8 key geopolitical regions. The aerosols’ global-mean cooling effect is fourteen times greater when emitted from the highest impact emitting region (Western Europe) than from the lowest (India). Further, radiative forcing, a widely used climate response proxy, fails as an effective predictor of global-mean cooling for national-scale aerosol emissions in our simulations; global-mean forcing-to-cooling efficacy differs fivefold depending on emitting region. This suggests that climate accounting should differentiate between aerosols emitted from different countries and that aerosol emissions’ evolving geographic distribution will impact the global-scale magnitude and spatial distribution of climate change. The climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols depend on their spatial distribution, but emission location is often ignored in evaluating their climate impact. Here the authors show drastic divergence in the simulated global temperature response to identical aerosols emitted from eight key geopolitical regions.
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