Calcium Signaling in Smooth Muscle
Calcium Signaling in Smooth Muscle
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a004549
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Nelson, Mark T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hill-Eubanks, David C.;Werner, Matthias E.;Nelson, Mark T.
细胞内Ca 2+的变化是平滑肌功能的核心，平滑肌排列在所有中空器官的壁上。这些变化有多种形式，从持续的细胞范围的增加到随时间变化的局部变化。Ca 2+信号的性质是Ca 2+来源的反映取决于所涉及的特定通道和所采用的检测技术，细胞外Ca 2+进入可以光学检测为细胞内Ca 2+、连接Ca 2+瞬变、Ca 2+闪光或Ca 2+火花的分级升高，而从细胞内储存的Ca 2+的释放可以表现为Ca 2+火花、Ca 2+喷流或Ca 2+波。这些不同的Ca 2+信号共同调节各种功能。一些功能，如收缩性，是平滑肌所独有的;其他功能是其他可兴奋细胞所共有的（例如，膜电位的调节）和非兴奋细胞（例如，基因表达调控）。
Changes in intracellular Ca2+ are central to the function of smooth muscle, which lines the walls of all hollow organs. These changes take a variety of forms, from sustained, cell-wide increases to temporally varying, localized changes. The nature of the Ca2+ signal is a reflection of the source of Ca2+ (extracellular or intracellular) and the molecular entity responsible for generating it. Depending on the specific channel involved and the detection technology employed, extracellular Ca2+ entry may be detected optically as graded elevations in intracellular Ca2+, junctional Ca2+ transients, Ca2+ flashes, or Ca2+ sparklets, whereas release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores may manifest as Ca2+ sparks, Ca2+ puffs, or Ca2+ waves. These diverse Ca2+ signals collectively regulate a variety of functions. Some functions, such as contractility, are unique to smooth muscle; others are common to other excitable cells (e.g., modulation of membrane potential) and nonexcitable cells (e.g., regulation of gene expression).