Microspheres with Atomic-Scale Tolerances Generate Hyperdegeneracy
Microspheres with Atomic-Scale Tolerances Generate Hyperdegeneracy
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevx.10.031049
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发表时间：
2020-08-31
影响因子：
12.5
通讯作者：
Carmon, Tal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kher-Alden, Jacob;Maayani, Shai;Carmon, Tal
简并在精确的科学测量以及传感应用中起着至关重要的作用。球形谐振器由于其最高的对称性而具有高度的简并性;然而，制造完美的球体是具有挑战性的，因为即使是保持球体的杆也会破坏对称性。在这里，我们制作了一个悬浮的球形谐振器，是倏逝耦合到一个标准的光纤。我们表征的谐振器表现出超过十亿，10 μ m半径的光学品质因数，和球形度小于1埃。使用我们的高品质和球度，我们实验升降机简并的订单高于200，我们解决了光学精细度超过10 000 000。然后，我们提出了我们的实验测量的简并模式，以及他们的状态密度旁边，我们相应的理论计算。我们的非接触式光子谐振器与标准的电信光纤技术兼容，表现出最高的谐振增强（品质因子）/（模式体积）定义的，和模式填充我们的腔显示在任何系统中的最高阶的简并性研究。这与通常利用最低阶双重简并的其他设置相比。
Degeneracies play a crucial rule in precise scientific measurements as well as in sensing applications. Spherical resonators have a high degree of degeneracy thanks to their highest symmetry; yet, fabricating perfect spheres is challenging because even a stem to hold the sphere breaks the symmetry. Here we fabricate a levitating spherical resonator that is evanescently coupled to a standard optical fiber. We characterize the resonators to exhibit an optical quality factor exceeding a billion, 10 mu m radius, and sphericity to within less than 1 angstrom. Using our high quality and sphericity, we experimentally lift degeneracies of orders higher than 200, which we resolve with optical finesse exceeding 10 000 000. We then present our experimentally measured degenerate modes as well as their density of states next to our corresponding theoretical calculation. Our contactless photonic resonator is compatible with standard telecom fiber technology, exhibits the highest resonance enhancement as defined by (quality factor)/(mode volume), and the modes populating our cavity show the highest order of degeneracy reported in any system ever studied. This is in comparison with other settings that typically utilize the lowest-order twofold degeneracy.