Cochlear nucleus auditory prostheses
Cochlear nucleus auditory prostheses
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DOI：
10.1016/j.heares.2007.11.014
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
McCreery, D. B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McCreery, D. B.
缺乏听觉神经的人不能从耳蜗植入中受益，但利用植入耳蜗核表面的电极阵列的假体可以恢复一些听力。在世界范围内，超过500人接受了这些“听觉脑干植入物”，最常见的是在切除2型神经纤维瘤病（NF 2）的肿瘤后。通常，当与唇读和对环境声音的有用感知相结合时，ABI为这些个体提供了改善的语音感知，但很少有开放式语音识别。在动物研究中研究了用穿透微刺激电极补充表面电极阵列的可行性，并且10名患有NF 2的人接受了包括表面阵列和穿透微电极阵列的植入物。他们的言语感知并没有明显优于只有表面阵列的NF 2患者，但研究结果确实验证了核内刺激的概念，并建议如何通过修改微刺激阵列和优化声音处理策略来改善这种假体。最近的出版物已经描述了具有非NF 2病因的耳聋的ABI患者，其已经实现了开集语音识别。这表明NF2患者的耳蜗核被疾病过程或在手术切除肿瘤期间损坏。(C)2007年由Elsevier B.V.出版。
Persons who lack an auditory nerve cannot benefit from cochlear implants, but a prosthesis utilizing an electrode array implanted on the surface of the cochlear nucleus can restore some hearing. Worldwide, more than 500 persons have received these "auditory brainstem implants," most commonly after removal of the tumors that occur with Type 2 Neurofibromatosis (NF2). Typically, the ABIs provide these individuals with improved speech perception when combined with lip-reading and useful perception of environmental sounds, but little open-set speech recognition. The feasibility of supplementing the array of surface electrodes with penetrating microstimulating electrodes has been investigated in animal studies, and 10 persons with NF2 have received implants that include a surface array and an array of penetrating microelectrodes. Their speech perception is not significantly better than that of the NF2 patients who have only the surface arrays, but the findings do validate the concept of intranuclear stimulation and suggest how such prostheses might be improved by modifying the microstimulating array and also by optimizing the sound processing strategies. Recent publications have described ABI patients with deafness of etiologies other than NF2 who have achieved open-set speech recognition. This suggests that the cochlear nuclei of the NF2 patients are damaged by the disease process or during surgical removal of the tumor. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.