The medial temporal lobe in encoding, retention, retrieval and interhemispheric transfer of visual memory in primates.
The medial temporal lobe in encoding, retention, retrieval and interhemispheric transfer of visual memory in primates.
复制标题
内侧颞叶在灵长类动物视觉记忆的编码、保留、检索和半球间转移中的作用。
DOI：
10.1007/bf00234108
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Ringo,JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ringo,JL
通过内侧颞叶（MTL）中的电极进行低水平电刺激，以破坏交叉分裂猕猴在延迟匹配到样本（DMS）视觉记忆任务中的表现。刺激低于后放电阈值，不会分散动物的注意力。然而，刺激造成严重的赤字时，无论是在编码或检索阶段。当在保持间隔期间提供刺激时，出现的赤字明显减少。刺激水平，导致显着中断的DMS任务没有影响的歧视任务使用相同类型的图像。单侧电刺激传递到MTL在一个半球在编码和MTL在另一个半球在检索过程中产生了有效的中断，这表明在编码期间的单侧刺激破坏了编码的那一侧，而在检索期间传递到对侧的单侧刺激阻止检索（现在是单侧）的记忆。这一建议得到了对照实验的支持，在对照实验中，如果在编码和检索期间将刺激传递到同一侧，则在编码和检索期间传递的单侧电刺激引起的干扰显著减少。电刺激被进一步用于确定一个半球对另一个半球的记忆的跨半球访问是非常好的。在这些分离交叉的猴子中，通过单侧刺激将记忆形成限制在一个半球，然后通过“无知”的半球（只使用同侧眼睛）测试半球间的访问。通过前连合或胼胝体压部（其他半球间前脑通路已被切断）成功进入半球间通路。电刺激也被用来确定视觉输入，即使只通过一只眼睛和一个半球进入，也会导致双侧记忆的形成。在这种情况下，通过向另一个半球的MTL递送破坏性水平的电刺激，在取回期间单独测试每个半球。
Low-level electrical stimulation through electrodes in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) was used to disrupt the performance of chiasm-split macaques working in a delayed matching-to-sample (DMS) visual memory task. The stimulation was below afterdischarge threshold and did not distract the animals. Nonetheless, stimulation caused severe deficits when delivered either during encoding or retrieval stages. Substantially less deficit appeared when stimulation was delivered during the retention interval. Stimulation levels which led to significant disruption on the DMS task had no effect on a discrimination task using the same kinds of images. Unilateral electrical stimulation delivered to MTL in one hemisphere during encoding and to MTL in the other hemisphere during retrieval produced an effective disruption, suggesting that the unilateral stimulation during the encoding period disrupts the encoding on that side while unilateral stimulation delivered to the opposite side during the retrieval period prevents the retrieval of the (now unilateral) memory. This suggestion is supported by control experiments in which significantly less disruption was caused by unilateral electrical stimulation delivered during both the encoding and the retrieval period if the stimulation was delivered to the same side in both periods. The electrical stimulation was further used to determine that interhemispheric access by one hemisphere to memories placed in the other was excellent. This was done, in these split-chiasm monkeys, by using unilateral stimulation to limit memory formation to just one hemisphere, then testing interhemispheric access by routing the test through the “ignorant” hemisphere (using just the ipsilateral eye). Successful interhemispheric access was obtained with either the anterior commissure or with the splenium of the corpus callosum (the other interhemispheric forebrain pathways having been cut). The electrical stimulation was also used to determine that the visual inputs even though entering via just one eye and one hemisphere, lead to bilateral memory formation. In this case each hemisphere was tested separately during retrieval by delivering disruptive levels of the electrical stimulation to the MTL of the other hemisphere.