Fragile image watermarking scheme based on VQ index sharing and self-embedding
Fragile image watermarking scheme based on VQ index sharing and self-embedding
复制标题
基于VQ索引共享和自嵌入的脆弱图像水印方案
DOI：
10.1007/s11042-015-3218-9
复制
发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Chang, Chin-Chen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Qin, Chuan;Ji, Ping;Chang, Chin-Chen
提出了一种基于矢量量化和索引共享的自嵌入脆弱水印方案。首先，用一系列矢量量化指标来表示原始图像的主要内容。然后，通过随机二进制矩阵对矢量量化索引的二进制位进行扩展，生成参考位，使所有参考位共享图像不同区域的矢量量化索引位信息。该图像被嵌入水印比特，包括用于篡改定位的散列比特和用于内容恢复的参考比特，并被发送到接收器侧。通过矢量量化索引重构，可以准确定位可疑图像中的篡改区域，并恢复出篡改区域。实验结果表明，该方案可以实现成功的内容恢复较大的篡改率，并获得更好的视觉质量的恢复结果比报告的方案。
In this paper, we propose a self-embedding fragile watermarking scheme using vector quantization (VQ) and index sharing. First, the principle contents of original image are compactly represented by a series of VQ indices. Then, after permutation, the binary bits of VQ indices are extended to generate reference-bits by a random binary matrix, which can make all reference-bits share the information of VQ index bits from different regions of the whole image. The image is embedded with watermark-bits including hash-bits for tampering localization and reference-bits for content recovery, and is transmitted to receiver side. Tampered regions in the received, suspicious image can be accurately located and then be recovered by VQ index reconstruction. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieve successful content recovery for larger tampering rate and obtain better visual quality of recovered results than the reported schemes.