Excess lung cancer occurrence in poultry plants. Occupational risk factors: Findings for oncogenic viruses exposure and other occupational exposures.
Excess lung cancer occurrence in poultry plants. Occupational risk factors: Findings for oncogenic viruses exposure and other occupational exposures.
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家禽养殖场肺癌发生率过高。
DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2018.07.037
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Shen,Tianjiao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson,EricS;Faramawi,Mohammed;Chedjieu,IreneP;Delongchamp,Robert;Choi,Kyung-Mee;Shen,Tianjiao
某些病毒会自然感染鸡和火鸡并导致癌症。人类被广泛暴露。这种病毒在灵长类动物中致癌，并在体外转化人类细胞，但目前尚不清楚它们是否会在人类中致癌，主要是因为缺乏流行病学证据。我们对美国家禽屠宰/加工厂的工人进行了队列死亡率研究，因为他们的人类接触率最高。据记录，家禽工人中肺癌和其他死亡人数过多。在此，我们报告了这些队列中肺癌死亡的病例队列研究，该研究旨在提供将这些病毒与人类癌症发生联系起来的流行病学证据，同时调整了可能的混杂因素，包括工作场所的化学致癌物。我们采访了339名肺癌死亡者和457名对照者，这些人从隶属于美国食品与商业工人联合会的30,411名家禽工厂工人和16,405名非家禽工人中选出。数据分析采用logistic回归和Cox回归，调整吸烟和其他混杂因素。肺癌风险与暴露于家禽致癌病毒和工作场所化学致癌物的任务或工作区域独立相关。该研究提供了一个渐进的证据（流行病学），间接地将家禽的致癌病毒与人类癌症的发生联系起来，因此可能具有公共卫生影响，但必须考虑突出的局限性。在正确看待本研究中观察到的结果之前，需要进行确证性研究，特别是提供家禽致癌逆转录病毒与人类DNA整合的明确证据的分子研究。
Certain viruses naturally infect and cause cancer in chickens and turkeys. Humans are widely exposed. The viruses cause cancer in primates, and transform human cells in vitro, but it is not known if they cause cancer in humans, mainly because of the lack of epidemiologic evidence. We conducted cohort mortality studies of workers in poultry slaughtering/processing plants across the United States, because they have the highest human exposures. An excess of lung cancer and other deaths was recorded in the poultry workers. Here, we report on a case-cohort study of the lung cancer deaths nested within these cohorts, that was conducted to provide epidemiologic evidence linking these viruses with human cancer occurrence, while adjusting for possible confounders, including workplace chemical carcinogens. We obtained interviews for 339 lung cancer deaths and 457 controls, selected from our combined cohorts of 30,411 poultry plant workers and 16,405 non-poultry workers, belonging to United Food & Commercial Workers unions. Data was analyzed by both logistic regression and Cox regression, adjusting for smoking and other confounders. Lung cancer risk was independently associated with tasks or work areas indicative of exposure to both poultry oncogenic viruses and to workplace chemical carcinogens. The study provides an incremental piece of evidence (epidemiologic), indirectly linking the oncogenic viruses of poultry with the occurrence of cancer in humans, and thus may have public health implications, but the limitations highlighted must be considered. Confirmatory studies, particularly molecular studies providing definitive proof of poultry oncogenic retrovirus integration in human DNA are needed, before the findings observed in this study can be put into proper perspective.