Meteorological Profiling in the Fire Environment Using UAS
Meteorological Profiling in the Fire Environment Using UAS
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DOI：
10.3390/fire3030036
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Clements, Craig B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brewer, Matthew J.;Clements, Craig B.
随着商用小型无人机系统（UAS）的增加，在极端环境中进行新的观测变得越来越容易。一种这样的应用是火灾环境，其中测量火灾和大气特性是具有挑战性的。火灾和烟雾模型评估实验提供了一个独特的机会，一个大的控制野火，这使得测量，通常不能在一个活跃的野火。火-大气相互作用通常是从固定的仪器塔和遥感系统，如激光雷达测量。无人机系统和紧凑型气象仪器的进步使得小型移动气象站能够在采样时随火灾前沿移动。这项研究强调了DJI Matrice 200的使用，它配备了TriSonica Mini Wind and Weather Station声波风速计气象站，以便在实验和受控环境中对火灾环境进行采样。气象站安装在一根从平台侧面延伸出来的碳纤维杆上。该系统与RM-Young 81，000声波风速计进行了测试，安装在离地面6米和2米处，以评估UAS平台中的任何偏差。初步数据表明，该系统除了在适当时用来代替气象塔测量外，还可用于获取大气变量的垂直剖面。
With the increase in commercially available small unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), new observations in extreme environments are becoming more obtainable. One such application is the fire environment, wherein measuring both fire and atmospheric properties are challenging. The Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment offered the unique opportunity of a large controlled wildfire, which allowed measurements that cannot generally be taken during an active wildfire. Fire-atmosphere interactions have typically been measured from stationary instrumented towers and by remote sensing systems such as lidar. Advances in UAS and compact meteorological instrumentation have allowed for small moving weather stations that can move with the fire front while sampling. This study highlights the use of DJI Matrice 200, which was equipped with a TriSonica Mini Wind and Weather station sonic anemometer weather station in order to sample the fire environment in an experimental and controlled setting. The weather station was mounted on to a carbon fiber pole extending off the side of the platform. The system was tested against an RM-Young 81,000 sonic anemometer, mounted at 6 and 2 m above ground levelto assess any bias in the UAS platform. Preliminary data show that this system can be useful for taking vertical profiles of atmospheric variables, in addition to being used in place of meteorological tower measurements when suitable.