Identification of geographically distributed sub-populations of Leishmania (Leishmania) major by microsatellite analysis
Identification of geographically distributed sub-populations of Leishmania (Leishmania) major by microsatellite analysis
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2148-8-183
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发表时间：
2008-06-24
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Schoenian, Gabriele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Al-Jawabreh, Amer;Diezmann, Stephanie;Schoenian, Gabriele
背景：大型利什曼原虫（Leishmania）是引起人类皮肤利什曼病（CL）的病原之一，广泛分布于旧世界，不同种类的野生啮齿动物和白蛉分别作为动物储存宿主和媒介。尽管如此，多年来从许多不同来源分离出的 L. (L.) Major 菌株已被证明是相对一致的。为了调查该物种的种群结构，采用高度多态性微卫星标记来更好地区分其密切相关的菌株，这种方法成功应用于利什曼原虫的其他物种。结果：基于 10 个不同微卫星标记的多位点微卫星分型 (MLMT) 应用于来自不同流行地区的 106 个利什曼原虫菌株。应用基于贝叶斯模型的方法，确定了三个主要人群，对应于三个不同的地理区域：中亚（CA）；中东 (ME)；和非洲（AF）。这与基于遗传距离的系统发育重建是一致的。重新分析将每个群体分成两个亚群体。这两个非洲亚群与菌株的地理起源没有很好的相关性。属于 CA 和 ME 亚种群的菌株大多根据其隔离地点进行分组，尽管可能由于人类迁徙而出现了一些异常。结论：微卫星数据的基于模型和距离的分析揭示了 L. (L.) Major 的三个主要种群：中亚、中东和非洲，每个种群又分为两个亚种群。这可能与啮齿动物宿主的不同种类有关。
Background: Leishmania (Leishmania) major, one of the agents causing cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in humans, is widely distributed in the Old World where different species of wild rodent and phlebotomine sand fly serve as animal reservoir hosts and vectors, respectively. Despite this, strains of L. (L.) major isolated from many different sources over many years have proved to be relatively uniform. To investigate the population structure of the species highly polymorphic microsatellite markers were employed for greater discrimination among it's otherwise closely related strains, an approach applied successfully to other species of Leishmania.Results: Multilocus Microsatellite Typing (MLMT) based on 10 different microsatellite markers was applied to 106 strains of L. (L.) major from different regions where it is endemic. On applying a Bayesian model-based approach, three main populations were identified, corresponding to three separate geographical regions: Central Asia (CA); the Middle East (ME); and Africa (AF). This was congruent with phylogenetic reconstructions based on genetic distances. Re-analysis separated each of the populations into two sub-populations. The two African sub-populations did not correlate well with strains' geographical origin. Strains falling into the sub-populations CA and ME did mostly group according to their place of isolation although some anomalies were seen, probably, owing to human migration.Conclusion: The model-and distance-based analyses of the microsatellite data exposed three main populations of L. (L.) major, Central Asia, the Middle East and Africa, each of which separated into two subpopulations. This probably correlates with the different species of rodent host.