Increased Brain Activation for Dual Tasking with 70-Days Head-Down Bed Rest.
Increased Brain Activation for Dual Tasking with 70-Days Head-Down Bed Rest.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnsys.2016.00071
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Seidler RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yuan P;Koppelmans V;Reuter-Lorenz PA;De Dios YE;Gadd NE;Wood SJ;Riascos R;Kofman IS;Bloomberg JJ;Mulavara AP;Seidler RD
头低位倾斜卧床（HDBR）已被用作航天模拟，以模拟微重力暴露对人类生理，感觉运动功能和地球上的认知的影响。以前的研究报告说，运动和认知任务的并发性能可能会在太空任务中受损。了解HDBR对双重任务的神经控制的后果可能会提供对航天期间神经效率的洞察。在目前的研究中，我们评估了双重任务的性能和潜在的大脑激活如何作为HDBR的函数变化。18名健康男性参与了这项研究。他们连续保持6°头低位70天。在单任务和双任务条件下获得双手手指敲击的功能MRI，并在HDBR前、中、后7个时间点重复。另12名健康男性作为对照组，未接受HDBR。一个广泛分布的网络，涉及额叶，顶叶，扣带，颞叶和枕叶皮层表现出增加激活双任务和增加激活差异双和单任务条件在HDBR相对于前或后HDBR。这种HDBR相关的大脑激活增加双重任务意味着更多的神经认知控制需要在HDBR期间执行双重任务相比，前和后HDBR。我们观察到反应时间的双任务成本的前后HDBR变化与大脑激活的双任务成本的前后HDBR变化之间存在正相关性。这些发现可以预测航天期间双重任务处理的变化。
Head-down tilt bed rest (HDBR) has been used as a spaceflight analog to simulate the effects of microgravity exposure on human physiology, sensorimotor function, and cognition on Earth. Previous studies have reported that concurrent performance of motor and cognitive tasks can be impaired during space missions. Understanding the consequences of HDBR for neural control of dual tasking may possibly provide insight into neural efficiency during spaceflight. In the current study, we evaluated how dual task performance and the underlying brain activation changed as a function of HDBR. Eighteen healthy men participated in this study. They remained continuously in the 6° head-down tilt position for 70 days. Functional MRI for bimanual finger tapping was acquired during both single task and dual task conditions, and repeated at 7 time points pre-, during- and post-HDBR. Another 12 healthy males participated as controls who did not undergo HDBR. A widely distributed network involving the frontal, parietal, cingulate, temporal, and occipital cortices exhibited increased activation for dual tasking and increased activation differences between dual and single task conditions during HDBR relative to pre- or post-HDBR. This HDBR-related brain activation increase for dual tasking implies that more neurocognitive control is needed for dual task execution during HDBR compared to pre- and post-HDBR. We observed a positive correlation between pre-to-post HDBR changes in dual-task cost of reaction time and pre-to-post HDBR change in dual-task cost of brain activation in several cerebral and cerebellar regions. These findings could be predictive of changes in dual task processing during spaceflight.