THE ECOLOGICAL VALIDITY OF LABORATORY AND ANALOG ASSESSMENT METHODS OF ADHD SYMPTOMS
THE ECOLOGICAL VALIDITY OF LABORATORY AND ANALOG ASSESSMENT METHODS OF ADHD SYMPTOMS
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00909976
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发表时间：
1991-04-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
BARKLEY, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BARKLEY, RA
一个重要的问题，在试图推广实验室研究结果的注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童的临床问题，他们的评估，诊断，结果和治疗反应是常用的任务和模拟行为观察程序的生态有效性。本文探讨了生态有效性的概念及其评价中固有的问题。来自各种来源的证据，然后审查评估注意力不集中，冲动和过度活跃的实验室方法和措施，这些相同的结构在自然环境中之间的关系。最近的一项研究中，140名ADHD和正常儿童和159名ADHD和正常青少年使用多方法测试电池有关这个问题的其他发现也有报道。一般来说，大多数方法的生态有效性是低到中等程度，与一些传统的实验室任务证明不令人满意。一些任务表现出可接受的生态有效性程度，但即使是这些需要改进。它的结论是，未来的进展，在生态有效性可能来自：（a）更大的依赖于评估的目标行为在自然环境和（B）结合几个更有前途的任务和模拟方法成电池，是采取了更长的时间间隔比已经习惯和平均在重复管理。
An important question in the attempt to generalize laboratory findings on attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children to clinical issues concerning their assessment, diagnosis, outcome, and treatment response is the ecological validity of the commonly used tasks and analogue behavioral observation procedures. This paper examines the concept of ecological validity and issues inherent in its evaluation. The evidence from a variety of sources is then reviewed on the relationship between laboratory methods of assessing inattention, impulsivity, and overactivity and measures of these same constructs in natural settings. Additional findings pertaining to this issue from a recent study of 140 ADHD and normal children and 159 ADHD and normal adolescents using a multimethod battery of tests are also reported. In general, the ecological validity of most methods is of a low to moderate degree, with some traditional laboratory tasks proving unsatisfactory. A few tasks demonstrated acceptable degrees of ecological validity but even these require improvement. It is concluded that future advances in ecological validity are likely to come from: (a) a greater reliance on assessments of the target behaviors in natural settings and (b) combining several of the more promising tasks and analogue methods into a battery that is taken over longer time intervals than has been customary and averaged across repeated administrations.