SECONDARY PREVENTION OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME. SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND LIFESTYLE DETERMINANTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
SECONDARY PREVENTION OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME. SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND LIFESTYLE DETERMINANTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
复制标题
DOI：
10.21101/cejph.a3960
复制
发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Pitsavos, Christos E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Notara, Venetia;Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B.;Pitsavos, Christos E.
虽然心血管疾病的死亡率似乎有所下降，特别是在发达国家的中年人中，但急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）的患病率却在上升，这是发达国家和发展中国家最常见的发病原因，并产生了巨大的经济负担。据估计，五分之一的ACS患者突然死亡，其中一半属于快速增长的人口年龄组，即，70到80岁之间的人。这些死亡中有相当一部分归因于各种生活方式和可改变的因素;因此，这是可以预防的。然而，诸如饮食习惯和行为，体力活动，生活压力和吸烟习惯等因素，虽然经过了充分的讨论，但在ACS二级预防中并没有得到很好的理解和重视。在过去几年中，一些人口的社会经济地位发生了巨大变化，在这种情况下，后者值得进一步关注。本综述的目的是讨论个人社会经济状况下生活方式因素对ACS二级预防的作用。根据检索到的信息，有大量证据表明，心血管事件的二级预防不能简单地通过药物治疗来实现，但也需要多方面的方法，包括生活方式的改变。因此，公共卫生政策的努力应着眼于多重点战略，即，激励和支持心脏病患者坚持治疗方案，并建立更有效和高效的社区生活方式干预措施。
Although cardiovascular disease mortality rates seem to decline, especially among middle-aged people in developed countries, the prevalence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) increases, representing the most common cause of morbidity in both developed and developing countries and generating large economic burden. It is estimated that one fifth of the ACS patients die suddenly and half of them belong to a fast growing population age-group, i.e., those between 70 and 80 years. A substantial number of these deaths has been attributed to various lifestyles, modifiable factors; therefore, it can be prevented. However, factors such as dietary habits and behaviours, physical activity, life stress and smoking habits, although thoroughly discussed, are not well understood and appreciated in the spectrum of secondary ACS prevention. The latter deserves further attention under the prism of socio-economic status that has changed dramatically in the last years in some populations. The aim of this review was to discuss the role of lifestyle factors on secondary ACS prevention under the prism of individual's socio-economic status. Based on the retrieved information it was revealed that there is vast evidence that secondary prevention of cardiovascular events cannot be accomplished simply through medical treatment, but it requires a multifaceted approach incorporating lifestyle modifications, too. Therefore, public health policy endeavours should be directed towards multifocal strategies, i.e., to motivate and support cardiac patients to consistently follow treatment regimens and to establish more effective and efficient community lifestyle interventions.