Shared neuroanatomical substrates of impaired phonological working memory across reading disability and autism.
Shared neuroanatomical substrates of impaired phonological working memory across reading disability and autism.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpsc.2015.11.001
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gabrieli JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lu C;Qi Z;Harris A;Weil LW;Han M;Halverson K;Perrachione TK;Kjelgaard M;Wexler K;Tager-Flusberg H;Gabrieli JD
具有阅读障碍的个体或具有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的个体的特征分别在于他们在阅读或社会交往中的困难，但这两个群体通常都具有受损的语音工作记忆（PWM）。目前尚不清楚这两个诊断组中受损的PWM是否反映了不同或共有的神经解剖异常。通过弥散加权成像检查了64名5-17岁儿童的白质结构连接，这些儿童患有阅读障碍、ASD或典型发育（TD），年龄、性别、智力和弥散数据质量匹配。与TD儿童相比，阅读障碍儿童和ASD儿童的PWM减少。两个诊断组显示左侧弓状束（AF）的颞顶叶部分和右侧下纵束（ILF）的颞枕叶部分的白质微结构改变，表现为各向异性分数降低和径向扩散率增加。此外，在两个诊断组中，右侧ILF的结构完整性与PWM能力呈正相关，但在TD组中不相关。这些研究结果表明，受损的PWM是transdiagnosis与共享的神经解剖学异常ASD和阅读残疾。左侧AF和右侧ILF的显微结构特征可能在PWM的发展中起重要作用。右ILF可能支持PWM受损儿童的代偿机制。
Individuals with reading disability or individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are characterized, respectively, by their difficulties in reading or social communication, but both groups often have impaired phonological working memory (PWM). It is not known whether the impaired PWM reflects distinct or shared neuroanatomical abnormalities in these two diagnostic groups. White-matter structural connectivity via diffusion weighted imaging was examined in sixty-four children, ages 5-17 years, with reading disability, ASD, or typical development (TD), who were matched in age, gender, intelligence, and diffusion data quality. Children with reading disability and children with ASD exhibited reduced PWM compared to children with TD. The two diagnostic groups showed altered white-matter microstructure in the temporo-parietal portion of the left arcuate fasciculus (AF) and in the temporo-occipital portion of the right inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), as indexed by reduced fractional anisotropy and increased radial diffusivity. Moreover, the structural integrity of the right ILF was positively correlated with PWM ability in the two diagnostic groups, but not in the TD group. These findings suggest that impaired PWM is transdiagnostically associated with shared neuroanatomical abnormalities in ASD and reading disability. Microstructural characteristics in left AF and right ILF may play important roles in the development of PWM. The right ILF may support a compensatory mechanism for children with impaired PWM.