Coral bleaching around Akajima, Okinawa
Coral bleaching around Akajima, Okinawa
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冲绳阿卡岛周围的珊瑚白化
DOI：
10.3755/jcrs.1999.59
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Omori
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Taniguchi;K. Iwao;M. Omori
1998年夏天，冲绳赤岛附近发生了大面积的珊瑚白化现象。在一九九八年七月底，有少数珊瑚出现白化现象，但到八月底，大部份的麻孔珊瑚及顶孔珊瑚均出现白化现象。一九九八年九月底，赤岛附近15个地点（水深1.3至7.2米）的白化频率，相对于珊瑚的总覆盖范围，由55.9%至97.4%不等。我们在每个地点测量2m × 2m的样方。显示超过90%白化的4个地点中有3个位于护城河或海湾内，那里的水交换缓慢。其中一个地点的特点是主要出现了枝珊瑚属的Acropora。与赤岛周围其他形态组相比，该组更易漂白。8月有一个月录得海面温度超过30°C（正常情况下约为28°C）。这种高温可能是珊瑚白化的主要因素。漂白后未发现病毒或细菌感染引起的珊瑚疾病。地理特征、水交换速率和珊瑚种类组成似乎是造成白化程度差异的原因。
Extensive bleaching of corals occurred around Akajima, Okinawa, in the summer of 1998. Bleaching was observed in a few corals in late July 1998, but by the end of August many pocilloporiid and acroporiid corals were bleached. The bleaching frequency, relative to total coverage of corals, at 15 sites (1.3-7.2m in depth) around Akajima ranged from 55.9 to 97.4% in late September 1998. We measured 2m x 2m quadrats at each site. Three out of 4 sites that showed over 90% bleaching were located in either a moat or inside of a bay, where water exchange was slow. One site was characterized by a dominant occurrence of branched corals of the genus Acropora. This group was more easily bleached than other morphologic groups around Akajima. Sea surface temperature over 30°C (normally about 28°C) was recorded for a month in August. This high temperature may have been a primary factor of the coral bleaching. Coral diseases caused by viruses or bacterial infection after bleaching were not observed. Geographical features, rate of water exchange, and composition of coral species seem to be responsible for the differences in extent of bleaching.