THE EFFECT OF PHOSPHINE TREATMENT ON SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE, CATALASE, AND PEROXIDASE IN THE GRANARY WEEVIL, SITOPHILUS-GRANARIUS
THE EFFECT OF PHOSPHINE TREATMENT ON SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE, CATALASE, AND PEROXIDASE IN THE GRANARY WEEVIL, SITOPHILUS-GRANARIUS
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DOI：
10.1016/0048-3575(90)90020-3
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发表时间：
1990-01-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
CHEFURKA, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BOLTER, CJ;CHEFURKA, W
以往的研究表明，熏蒸杀虫剂磷化氢（PH 3）抑制细胞色素c氧化酶，熏蒸过程中的氧浓度和昆虫死亡率之间存在直接关系。最近，研究表明，PH 3刺激过氧化氢（H2 O2）从离体昆虫线粒体在体外的释放，它被假设，在体内处理与PH 3可能会导致超氧自由基（O2-）的产生抑制电子传递链。细胞含有复杂的氧防御系统，以保护自身免受氧源性自由基的侵害，包括三种酶：超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），清除O2-，过氧化氢酶（CAT）和过氧化物酶（PER），清除H2 O2。利用PH 3敏感（S）和抗性（R）的粮仓象甲研究了PH 3处理对该抗氧化酶系统的影响。没有谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性，发现在这个物种。然而，它确实含有使用对苯二胺作为指示剂观察到的过氧化物酶活性。过氧化物酶的活性是相同的S-和R-昆虫，并减少了65%，在S-和45%的R-昆虫治疗后3天（LD 30）。过氧化氢酶活性在S型昆虫中显著高于R型昆虫（62%）。这种活性被抑制34%，在S-昆虫治疗后3天（LD 30），但在R-昆虫不受影响。邻苯三酚法测定超氧化物歧化酶。两种同工酶，氰化物（CN）不敏感的形式在线粒体和CN敏感的形式在胞质溶胶。后一种酶的活性增加了两倍后，在体内PH 3处理（LD 30）在S-昆虫，而没有变化，在R-昆虫。这项研究表明，PH 3处理对参与氧防御的酶有显着影响。SOD活性的升高可能是由于O2-产生的增加而发生的，这与CAT和PER活性的降低相结合，可能导致H2 O2的积累和随后的羟基自由基（HO.）的产生，一种强氧化剂。这些结果表明，昆虫的死亡可能是由于积累的氧衍生的自由基，最终破坏细胞的完整性。
Previous studies have shown that the fumigant insecticide phosphine (PH3) inhibits cytochrome c oxidase and that a direct relationship exists between oxygen concentration during fumigation and insect mortality. Recently, it was shown that PH3 stimulated the release of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from isolated insect mitochondria in vitro and it was hypothesized that treatment with PH3 in vivo could result in the generation of superoxide radicals (O2-) by the inhibited electron transport chain. The cell contains a complex oxygen defense system to protect itself against oxygen-derived free radicals, including three enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), which removes O2-, the catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (PER), which remove H2O2. The effect of PH3 treatment on this antioxidant enzyme system was investigated using PH3-susceptible (S) and -resistant (R) granary weevils. No glutathione peroxidase activity was found in this species. However, it did contain peroxidase activity that was observed using p-phenylenediamine as an indicator. Peroxidase activity was the same in S- and R-insects and was reduced by 65% in S- and 45% in R-insects 3 days after treatment (LD30). Catalase activity was significantly higher (62%) in S-insects than R. This activity was inhibited by 34% in S-insects 3 days after treatment (LD30), but was unaffected in R-insects. A pyrogallol assay was used to measure superoxide dismutase. Two isozymes were present, a cyanide (CN)-insensitive form in the mitochondria and a CN-sensitive form in the cytosol. Activity of the latter enzyme increased twofold after in vivo PH3 treatment (LD30) in S-insects, while no change was observed in R-insects. This study demonstrates that PH3 treatment has a significant effect on the enzymes involved in oxygen defense. Elevated SOD activity probably occurred in response to an increase in O2- generation and this coupled with a reduction in both CAT and PER activity could result in an accumulation of H2O2 and the consequent production of the hydroxyl radical (HO.), a powerful oxidizing agent. These results indicate that insect mortality could be attributed to accumulation by oxygen-derived free radicals which eventually destroy the cell integrity.