Ten principles for a landscape approach to reconciling agriculture, conservation, and other competing land uses
Ten principles for a landscape approach to reconciling agriculture, conservation, and other competing land uses
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1210595110
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发表时间：
2013-05-21
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Buck, Louise E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sayer, Jeffrey;Sunderland, Terry;Buck, Louise E.
“景观方法”旨在提供分配和管理土地的工具和概念，以便在农业、采矿和其他生产性土地使用与环境和生物多样性目标竞争的地区实现社会、经济和环境目标。在此，我们综合了目前关于景观方法的共识。这是基于出版的文献和建立共识的过程，以确定良好做法，并通过对从业人员的调查得到验证。我们发现，景观的方法已经得到改进，以应对日益增加的社会关注的环境和发展的权衡。值得注意的是，已经从注重养护的观点转向越来越多地纳入减贫目标。我们提供了10个简要原则，以支持实施景观方法，因为它是目前的解释。这些原则强调适应性管理、利益相关者参与和多重目标。报告承认存在各种制约因素，其中体制和治理方面的关切被确定为执行工作的最严重障碍。我们讨论了这些原则如何不同于更传统的部门和基于项目的方法。虽然没有灵丹妙药，但我们认为，几乎没有什么替代办法能够比这里概述的原则所限定的办法更有效地应对景观挑战。
"Landscape approaches" seek to provide tools and concepts for allocating and managing land to achieve social, economic, and environmental objectives in areas where agriculture, mining, and other productive land uses compete with environmental and biodiversity goals. Here we synthesize the current consensus on landscape approaches. This is based on published literature and a consensus-building process to define good practice and is validated by a survey of practitioners. We find the landscape approach has been refined in response to increasing societal concerns about environment and development tradeoffs. Notably, there has been a shift from conservation-orientated perspectives toward increasing integration of poverty alleviation goals. We provide 10 summary principles to support implementation of a landscape approach as it is currently interpreted. These principles emphasize adaptive management, stakeholder involvement, and multiple objectives. Various constraints are recognized, with institutional and governance concerns identified as the most severe obstacles to implementation. We discuss how these principles differ from more traditional sectoral and project-based approaches. Although no panacea, we see few alternatives that are likely to address landscape challenges more effectively than an approach circumscribed by the principles outlined here.