Time Spent with Parents Predicts Change in Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder
Time Spent with Parents Predicts Change in Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder
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DOI：
10.1007/s10802-019-00526-5
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Gotlib, Ian H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Manczak, Erika M.;Ordaz, Sarah J.;Gotlib, Ian H.
社区样本研究表明，家庭的非情感特征，如父母和青少年在一起的时间长短，会影响青少年的抑郁症状。然而，有可能与父母共度时光不仅可以防止抑郁症状的发作，还可以减轻已经抑郁的青少年的症状。目前的研究旨在测试这一公式，同时也检查家庭功能的情感维度——特别是父母的温暖——是否解释或缓和了观察到的关联。最后，我们测试了相反方向的关联，检查青少年抑郁的严重程度是否导致父母花更少的时间与他们在一起。41名符合当前重度抑郁发作标准的青少年（14至17岁）与一位父母参加了本研究。每个月一次，连续六个时间点，二人组完成抑郁症状和父母与青少年相处时间的报告。参与者还完成了父母温暖度的测量。滞后多水平模型的结果表明，与父母相处时间越长，在随后的评估中，青少年的抑郁症状越少；相比之下，在接下来的评估中，抑郁症状的严重程度并不意味着与父母在一起的时间会更少。相比之下，父母的温暖并不能解释或缓和在一起的时间与抑郁症状之间的联系。这些结果表明，家庭生活的非情感维度，特别是花更多的时间与父母在一起，对被诊断为抑郁症的青少年的抑郁症状有有益的影响。
Research with community samples suggests that non-affective features of families, such as the amount of time parents and adolescents spend together, affect depressive symptoms in adolescents. It is possible, however, that spending time with parents not only protects against the onset of depressive symptoms, but also reduces symptoms in adolescents who are already depressed. The current study was designed to test this formulation while also examining whether affective dimensions of family functioning - specifically parental warmth - accounted for or moderated observed associations. Finally, we tested the reverse direction of the associations, examining whether greater severity of depression in adolescents results in parents spending less time with them. Forty-one adolescents (ages 14 to 17years) who met criteria for a current major depressive episode participated in the present study with one parent. Once each month for six time points, dyads completed reports of depressive symptoms and the amount of time parents and adolescents spent with each other. Participants also completed measures of parental warmth. Results of lagged multilevel modeling indicated that spending more time with a parent predicted fewer depressive symptoms in adolescents at the following assessment relative to their mean; in contrast, greater severity of depressive symptoms did not predict spending less time with a parent at the following assessment. In contrast, parental warmth did not account for or moderate the association between time together and depressive symptoms. These results suggest that non-affective dimensions of family life, specifically spending more time with parents, have beneficial effects on depressive symptoms in adolescents diagnosed with depression.