Deployment of the Burkholderia glumae type III secretion system as an efficient tool for translocating pathogen effectors to monocot cells.
Deployment of the Burkholderia glumae type III secretion system as an efficient tool for translocating pathogen effectors to monocot cells.
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DOI：
10.1111/tpj.12148
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发表时间：
2013-05
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通讯作者：
Shailendra Sharma;Shiveta Sharma;Akiko Hirabuchi;Kentaroh Yoshida;K. Fujisaki;A. Ito;Aiko Uemura;R. Terauchi;S. Kamoun;K. Sohn;Jonathan D. G. Jones;H. Saitoh
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作者：
Shailendra Sharma;Shiveta Sharma;Akiko Hirabuchi;Kentaroh Yoshida;K. Fujisaki;A. Ito;Aiko Uemura;R. Terauchi;S. Kamoun;K. Sohn;Jonathan D. G. Jones;H. Saitoh
植物真菌病原体的基因组序列已经使得能够鉴定协同调节细胞环境以使真菌成功生长并抑制宿主防御的效应子。新型效应蛋白的鉴定和鉴定对于了解病原菌的毒力和寄主植物的防御机制至关重要。以前的报道表明，假单胞菌pv.番茄DC 3000 III型分泌系统（T3 SS）可用于研究非细菌效应物如何使用效应物检测载体（pEDV）系统操纵双子叶植物细胞功能。在这里，我们报告了一种基于pEDV的效应子传递系统，其中，一种新兴的水稻病原体颖壳伯克霍尔德氏菌的T3 SS被用于将真菌病原体稻瘟病菌的AVR-Pik和AVR-Pii效应子转运到水稻细胞质中。在含有同源R基因的水稻品种中测试时，易位的AVR-Pik和AVR-Pii显示无毒活性。AVR-Pik可减轻和延迟B引起的过敏反应。在非宿主植物本氏烟草（Nicotianabenthamiana）中的颖壳中，指示免疫抑制毒力活性。通过B递送与荧光蛋白和核定位信号融合的AVR蛋白。在水稻、小麦、大麦和N.本萨米亚纳我们的细菌T3 SS使能真核效应子传递和亚细胞定位分析提供了一种有用的方法，用于鉴定和研究单子叶植物中的效应子功能。
Genome sequences of plant fungal pathogens have enabled the identification of effectors that cooperatively modulate the cellular environment for successful fungal growth and suppress host defense. Identification and characterization of novel effector proteins are crucial for understanding pathogen virulence and host-plant defense mechanisms. Previous reports indicate that the Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 type III secretion system (T3SS) can be used to study how non-bacterial effectors manipulate dicot plant cell function using the effector detector vector (pEDV) system. Here we report a pEDV-based effector delivery system in which the T3SS of Burkholderia glumae, an emerging rice pathogen, is used to translocate the AVR-Pik and AVR-Pii effectors of the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae to rice cytoplasm. The translocated AVR-Pik and AVR-Pii showed avirulence activity when tested in rice cultivars containing the cognate R genes. AVR-Pik reduced and delayed the hypersensitive response triggered by B. glumae in the non-host plant Nicotiana benthamiana, indicative of an immunosuppressive virulence activity. AVR proteins fused with fluorescent protein and nuclear localization signal were delivered by B. glumae T3SS and observed in the nuclei of infected cells in rice, wheat, barley and N. benthamiana. Our bacterial T3SS-enabled eukaryotic effector delivery and subcellular localization assays provide a useful method for identifying and studying effector functions in monocot plants.