Tape recorder effects on jitter and shimmer extraction.
Tape recorder effects on jitter and shimmer extraction.
复制标题
磁带录音机对抖动和闪烁提取的影响。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Shipp
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Doherty;T. Shipp
为了测试记录/再现系统对声学分析的可能污染，通过计算机直接对固定频率和振幅的五个正弦波进行采样，并同时记录在四种不同的磁带格式上（音频和FM卷到卷、音频盒式磁带和使用脉冲编码调制的视频盒式磁带）。录音在回放时进行数字化，并使用过零插值方案分析直接样本的基频、振幅、抖动和闪烁。当提取平均基频或平均振幅时，由任何数据采集系统引入的失真是可以忽略的。对于抖动和闪烁估计，直接取样或使用带脉冲编码调制的盒式录像机显然是优越的上级。调频录音机，虽然不太准确，提供了一个令人满意的替代这些方法。音频卷到卷录音勉强足以进行抖动分析，而盒式录音机可能会引入抖动和闪烁值，这些值大于正常谈话者的某些报告值。
To test for possible contamination of acoustic analyses by record/reproduce systems, five sine waves of fixed frequency and amplitude were sampled directly by a computer and recorded simultaneously on four different tape formats (audio and FM reel-to-reel, audio cassette, and video cassette using pulse code modulation). Recordings were digitized on playback and with the direct samples analyzed for fundamental frequency, amplitude, jitter, and shimmer using a zero crossing interpolation scheme. Distortion introduced by any of the data acquisition systems is negligible when extracting average fundamental frequency or average amplitude. For jitter and shimmer estimation, direct sampling or the use of a video cassette recorder with pulse code modulation are clearly superior. FM recorders, although not quite as accurate, provide a satisfactory alternative to those methods. Audio reel-to-reel recordings are marginally adequate for jitter analysis whereas audio cassette recorders can introduce jitter and shimmer values that are greater than some reported values for normal talkers.