Plasmon analysis of Triticum (wheat) and Aegilops. 1. Production of alloplasmic common wheats and their fertilities.
Plasmon analysis of Triticum (wheat) and Aegilops. 1. Production of alloplasmic common wheats and their fertilities.
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小麦和山羊草的等离激元分析。
DOI：
10.1266/ggs.71.293
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Y. Matsuoka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Tsunewaki;G. Wang;Y. Matsuoka
通过反复回交将8个小麦属种（10份材料）和24个山羊草属种（36份材料）的细胞质激元导入12个六倍体普通小麦基因型。在转移问题，如跨越障碍，优先传输的配子或孤雌生殖诱导染色体，和错误的材料发生，所有这些都阻碍了等离子体转移程序。到1996年夏季，在产生的552个基因型-等离子体组合中，532个（96.4%）已经达到B10或更晚的回交世代，15个（2.7%）达到B7约B 9世代，其余5个（0.9%）达到B4约B6世代。在1992-1993年冬季作物生长季节，在所有的田间生长的线的植物中观察到花粉和自交种子受精力，并在最新的五个回交世代中，在长日照条件下（17小时光）的温室中生长的植物回交和自交种子受精力进行了评估。自交种子育性被认为是一个更好的参数男性生育力比花粉育性。根据回交种子育性估计，雌性育性对外来等离子体转移引起的遗传应激的耐受性比根据花粉和自交种子育性评估的雄性育性高出约三倍。所研究的等离子体可分为14个育性谱组。除15个属于B、D、D2、S和Sb等类型的细胞质外，大部分细胞质被认为是普通小麦的雄性不育细胞质。
Plasmons (= cytoplasms) of eight Triticum species (ten accessions) and 24 Aegilops species (36 accessions) have been introduced by repeated backcrosses to 12 genotypes of hexaploid, common wheat. At transfer problems such as crossing barrier, preferential transmission of a gametocidal or parthenogenesis-inducing chromosome, and mistagging of the material occurred, all of which hindered the plasmon transfer program. Of the 552 genotype-plasmon combinations produced, 532 (96.4%) had reached the B10 or a later backcross generation, 15 (2.7%) the B7 approximately B9 generation, and the remaining 5 (0.9%) the B4 approximately B6 generation by summer, 1996. Pollen and selfed seed fertilities were observed in plants of all the field-grown lines in the 1992-1993 winter crop season, and backcrossed and selfed seed fertilities of plants grown in a greenhouse under a long day condition (17-h light) were assessed in the five latest backcross generations. Selfed seed fertility was found to be a better parameter of male fertility than was pollen fertility. Female fertility, as estimated from the backcrossed seed fertility, was about three times more tolerant to genetic stress caused by the alien plasmon transfer than was male fertility evaluated from both the pollen and selfed seed fertilities. The plasmons studied could be classified into 14 fertility spectrum groups. Most, excluding 15 plasmons belonging to the B, D, D2, S, and Sb plasmon types, were considered the male sterile plasmon to common wheat.