Dominant factors analyses and challenges of anaerobic digestion under cold environments.
Dominant factors analyses and challenges of anaerobic digestion under cold environments.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119378
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发表时间：
2023-10
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Hui Wang;Qixing Zhou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hui Wang;Qixing Zhou
随着发酵技术的发展和效率的提高，厌氧消化在垃圾处理和资源回收中发挥着越来越重要的作用。温度无疑是最重要的因素，因为它塑造了微生物的栖息地，改变了微生物群落结构的组成，甚至影响了相关功能基因的表达。一半以上的生物圈处于长期或季节性低温环境（<20 °C），这使得嗜冷AD具有广阔的应用前景。本文就嗜冷AD的影响因素及强化策略进行了综述，为今后低温发酵的研究提供了相应的参考。首先，讨论了AD的发生。分析了微生物对低温环境的适应性。此外，嗜冷AD的挑战进行了审查。同时，提出了改善嗜冷性AD的策略。从技术到应用，阐述了嗜冷AD中试研究的现状。最后，强调了嗜冷AD的经济和环境可行性。综上所述，低温AD在技术上是可行的，而经济分析表明，产出效益不能完全覆盖投入成本，低温AD的大规模实际应用仍处于起步阶段。如何提高嗜冷AD的发酵效率，降低投资成本，是今后研究的重点。
With the development of fermentation technology and the improvement of efficiency, anaerobic digestion (AD) has been playing an increasingly primary role in waste treatment and resource recovery. Temperature is undoubtedly the most important factor because it shapes microbial habitats, changes the composition of the microbial community structure, and even affects the expression of related functional genes. More than half of the biosphere is in a long-term or seasonal low-temperature environment (<20 °C), which makes psychrophilic AD have broad application prospects. Therefore, this review discusses the influencing factors and enhancement strategies of psychrophilic AD, which may provide a corresponding reference for future research on low-temperature fermentation. First, the occurrence of AD has been discussed. Then, the adaptation of microorganisms to the low-temperature environment was analyzed. Moreover, the challenges of psychrophilic AD have been reviewed. Meanwhile, the strategies for improving psychrophilic AD are presented. Further, from technology to application, the current situation of psychrophilic AD in pilot-scale tests is described. Finally, the economic and environmental feasibility of psychrophilic AD has been highlighted. In summary, psychrophilic AD is technically feasible, while economic analysis shows that the output benefits cannot fully cover the input costs, and the large-scale practical application of psychrophilic AD is still in its infancy. More research should focus on how to improve fermentation efficiency and reduce the investment cost of psychrophilic AD.