Working Memory: How Important Is White Matter?
Working Memory: How Important Is White Matter?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1177/1073858416634298
复制
发表时间：
2017-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Lazar, Mariana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lazar, Mariana
工作记忆是一种短暂保存、处理和使用信息的能力，是认知功能的基本特征。人们在工作记忆中所能容纳的最大项目数量，即工作记忆容量，是有限的，而且因人而异。揭示工作记忆容量的这两个决定性特性背后的生物因素仍然是现代认知神经科学的一项关键任务，因为能力强烈地预测了我们推理、学习甚至数学的能力。在这项工作中，我们回顾了强调白质作用的数据，它提供了在工作记忆任务中激活的广泛神经网络的连接，可能在个体之间的能力变化中发挥作用。我们还描述了先进的扩散成像方法，这可能是唯一适合于捕捉那些与容量最相关的白质特征。最后，我们讨论了几种可能的机制，通过这些机制白质可以促进和限制工作记忆。
Working memory, the ability to transiently keep, process, and use information as part of ongoing mental processes is an essential feature of cognitive functioning. The largest number of items that people can hold in their working memory, referred to as the capacity of working memory, is limited and varies substantially among individuals. Uncovering the biological factors that underlie these two defining properties of working memory capacity remains a key undertaking of modern cognitive neuroscience since capacity strongly predicts how well we reason, learn, and even do math. In this work we review data that highlights the role white matter, which provides the wiring of the extensive neural networks that activate during working memory tasks, may play in interindividual variations in capacity. We also describe advanced diffusion imaging methods, which may be uniquely suited in capturing those white matter features that are most relevant to capacity. Finally, we discuss several possible mechanisms through which white matter may both contribute to and limit working memory.