Transitions in optimal adaptive strategies for populations in fluctuating environments
Transitions in optimal adaptive strategies for populations in fluctuating environments
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DOI：
10.1103/physreve.96.032412
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发表时间：
2017-09-21
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Walczak, Aleksandra M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mayer, Andreas;Mora, Thierry;Walczak, Aleksandra M.
生物种群受到波动的环境条件的影响。不同的适应策略可以让它们科普这些波动：专门化到一个特定的环境条件，采用一种在条件之间妥协的通才表型，或种群多样化（赌注对冲）。从长远来看，哪种策略提供最大的选择优势取决于可获得的表型的范围和环境波动的统计数据。在这里，我们用一个简单的人口增长数学模型来分析这个问题。首先，我们回顾并扩展了一个图形化的方法来识别的最优策略的性质时，环境波动是不相关的。环境波动的时间相关性开辟了依赖于记忆的新策略，但在数学上具有挑战性的研究：我们提出了分析结果，以解决这一挑战。我们说明了我们的一般方法，通过分析最佳的适应性策略，在存在的权衡限制的范围内可访问的表型。我们的研究结果扩展了以前的几项研究，并应用于各种生物现象，从细菌的抗生素耐药性到脊椎动物的免疫反应。
Biological populations are subject to fluctuating environmental conditions. Different adaptive strategies can allow them to cope with these fluctuations: specialization to one particular environmental condition, adoption of a generalist phenotype that compromises between conditions, or population-wise diversification (bet hedging). Which strategy provides the largest selective advantage in the long run depends on the range of accessible phenotypes and the statistics of the environmental fluctuations. Here, we analyze this problem in a simple mathematical model of population growth. First, we review and extend a graphical method to identify the nature of the optimal strategy when the environmental fluctuations are uncorrelated. Temporal correlations in environmental fluctuations open up new strategies that rely on memory but are mathematically challenging to study: We present analytical results to address this challenge. We illustrate our general approach by analyzing optimal adaptive strategies in the presence of trade-offs that constrain the range of accessible phenotypes. Our results extend several previous studies and have applications to a variety of biological phenomena, from antibiotic resistance in bacteria to immune responses in vertebrates.