Fine roots and sheathing mycorrhizas: their formation, function and dynamics
Fine roots and sheathing mycorrhizas: their formation, function and dynamics
复制标题
细根和鞘菌根：它们的形成、功能和动态
DOI：
10.1007/bf02182637
复制
发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
J. Deacon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Last;P. A. Mason;J. Wilson;J. Deacon
影响根系发育的因素很多。在考虑季节和其他非生物影响的同时，（原产地），不应被忽视。场地准备，涉及排水渠道的发展和一些土壤层的反转，导致根发育的环境越来越复杂，营养物质的可利用性发生变化，根生长限制在很大程度上为线性构型。鞘菌根真菌不是随机发生的。它们在时间和空间上的分布依赖于宿主：有强有力的证据表明它们是连续的。总之，子实体的观察和控制接种表明，有真菌之间的功能差异发生在早期阶段的菌根演替。例如。种HebelomaandLaccaria，和那些发生在后期steno.g.species ofAmanita。虽然这两组真菌很容易形成鞘菌根与树木幼苗在无菌条件下，只有早期真菌形成菌根与幼苗生长在非无菌土壤。这一差异可能与其他土壤微生物的发生有关，因此需要从流行病学的角度来研究由宿主、菌根真菌和其他土壤微生物组成的三元生物复合体，并将细根与树木生长之间的功能关系以及土壤环境变化的影响扩展到菌根及其外生菌丝。
Many factors affect root development. While considering seasonal and other abiotic influences, the major, genetically controlled differences, attributable to provenance (site of origin), should not be ignored.Site preparation, involving the development of drainage channels and the inversion of some soil horizons, leads to an increasingly complex milieu for root development with a changed availability of nutrients and the restriction of root growth to largely linear configurations.Fruitbodies of sheathing mycorrhizal fungi do not occur at random. Their distribution, in time and space, is host-dependent: there is strong evidence of a succession. Together, fruitbody observations and controlled inoculations suggest that there are functional differences between fungi occurring in the early stages of the mycorrhizal successione.g.species ofHebelomaandLaccaria, and those occurring at a later stagee.g.species ofAmanita. While both groups of fungi readily form sheathing mycorrhizas with tree seedlings in axenic conditions, only early-stage fungi form mycorrhizas with seedlings growing in unsterile soils. The difference seems to be related to the occurrence of other soil microbes; it highlights the need to adopt an epidemiological approach to a three membered biological complex of host, mycorrhizal fungi and other soil microbes.For the future the functional relationship between fine roots and tree growth, and the effects of changes in the soil environment, should be extended to include mycorrhizas and their external wefts of strands and hyphae.