What pragmatism means (From Pragmatism).
What pragmatism means (From Pragmatism).
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实用主义意味着什么（来自实用主义）。
DOI：
10.1037/11316-010
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
W. James
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. James
这篇转载的文章最初出现在（实用主义，1907年，第43-81页）。（以下原文摘要载于记录2005-12954-002。）讨论了实用主义的意义。实用主义方法主要是一种解决形而上学争论的方法，否则这些争论可能会没完没了。这种方法试图通过追溯其实际后果来解释决定论与自由、唯物主义与唯心论等概念。如果这个观念而不是那个观念为真，对任何人来说又有什么区别呢？如果找不出任何实际的差别，那么这些选择实际上意味着同样的事情，所有的争论都是徒劳的。讨论了该方法的历史及其特征和亲和力，以及它与理性主义和理智主义的对比。实用主义这个词在更广泛的意义上被使用，也意味着某种真理理论。从这个意义上说，实用主义相当于人文主义，后者认为真理是把以前的经验与新的经验结合起来，给人以满足。作为经验主义和理性主义之间的中介，实用主义没有偏见，没有阻碍的教条，也没有什么可以算作证据的严格规范。理性主义坚持逻辑和苍天。经验主义坚持外部感觉。实用主义愿意接受任何事情，遵循逻辑或感官，并考虑最卑微和最个人的经验。它对可能的真理的唯一检验是什么最适合生活的每一部分，并与经验的集体要求相结合，没有任何遗漏。（PsycINFO数据库记录(c) 2016 APA，版权所有）
This reprinted article originally appeared in (Pragmatism, 1907, pp. 43-81).(The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2005-12954-002.) The meaning of pragmatism is discussed. The pragmatic method is primarily a method of settling metaphysical disputes that otherwise might be interminable. This method tries to interpret such notions as determinism versus freedom and materialism versus spiritualism by tracing their practical consequences. What difference would it practically make to any one if this notion rather than that notion were true? If no practical difference whatever can be traced, then the alternatives mean practically the same thing, and all dispute is idle. The history of the method and its character and affinities are discussed, as well as how it contrasts with rationalism and intellectualism. The word pragmatism has come to be used in a wider sense, as meaning also a certain theory of truth. In this sense, pragmatism is equivalent to humanism, which views truth as giving human satisfaction in marrying previous parts of experience with newer parts. As a mediator between empiricism and rationalism, pragmatism has no prejudices, no obstructive dogmas, and no rigid canons of what shall count as proof. Rationalism sticks to logic and the empyrean. Empiricism sticks to the external senses. Pragmatism is willing to take anything, to follow either logic or the senses and to count the humblest and most personal experiences. Its only test of probable truth is what fits every part of life best and combines with the collectivity of experience's demands, nothing being omitted.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)