Within-litter differences in personality and physiology relate to size differences among siblings in cavies
Within-litter differences in personality and physiology relate to size differences among siblings in cavies
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.03.026
复制
发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Trillmich, F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guenther, A.;Trillmich, F.
动物早期生活的许多方面可能会导致生理和行为的长期个体差异。对鸟类和哺乳动物的几项研究表明，早期家庭环境是影响早期发育的最重要因素之一。这些研究大多是在高度进化的物种上进行的。在这里，我们问是否在高度早熟的豚鼠（Cavia aperea）的大小排名在一窝，即一个人出生时是最重的，最轻的或中间的兄弟姐妹，直接影响出生后和独立后的人格特质。此外，我们调查了不同大小等级的兄弟姐妹之间的个体状态（早期生长，基线皮质醇和静息代谢率）是否不同，并评估了它们与人格特质的关系。同一窝的小天狼星早在出生后三天就出现了性格特征的差异。出生时体重最重的幼崽比他们的小兄弟姐妹更具探索性，一般来说更容易冒险。生理状态变量与人格特征密切相关，也受到影响的大小排名内窝，这表明大小相对于同窝仔构成了一个重要因素，在塑造个人的发展轨迹。我们的数据增加了关于人格在生命早期阶段如何形成的有价值的信息，并表明了受发育影响的行为和生理特征的稳定性。(C)2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Many aspects of an animal's early life potentially contribute to long-term individual differences in physiology and behaviour. From several studies on birds and mammals it is known that the early family environment is one of the most prominent factors influencing early development. Most of these studies were conducted on highly altricial species. Here we asked whether in the highly precocial cavy (Cavia aperea) the size rank within a litter, i.e. whether an individual is born as the heaviest, the lightest or an intermediate sibling, affects personality traits directly after birth and after independence. Furthermore, we investigated whether individual states (early growth, baseline cortisol and resting metabolic rate) differ between siblings of different size ranks and assessed their relation to personality traits. Siblings of the same litter differed in personality traits as early as three days after birth. Pups born heaviest in the litter were more explorative and in general more risk-prone than their smaller siblings. Physiological state variables were tightly correlated with personality traits and also influenced by the size rank within litter, suggesting that the size relative to littermates constitutes an important factor in shaping an individual's developmental trajectory. Our data add valuable information on how personalities are shaped during early phases of life and indicate the stability of developmentally influenced behavioural and physiological traits. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.