THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF THE HUMAN HAIR FOLLICLE : PART 1. INTRODUCTION AND THE HAIR CORTEX
THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF THE HUMAN HAIR FOLLICLE : PART 1. INTRODUCTION AND THE HAIR CORTEX
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人类毛囊的电子显微镜：第 1 部分：简介和毛皮层
DOI：
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发表时间：
1957
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. H. Mercer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Birbeck;E. H. Mercer
1. 毛球未分化基质中的毛质皮层细胞含有线粒体、颗粒囊泡和许多致密的小rn.p.颗粒，但没有角蛋白、色素颗粒或内质网。2. 在球茎中部区域，细胞间粘附仅限于小的局部区域。细胞间隙普遍存在，细胞表面不规则卷曲。黑素细胞过程穿透细胞间隙。它们的含色素尖端与细胞膜内陷之间的关系表明尖端有活跃的吞噬作用。3. 纤维状角蛋白首先出现在鳞茎中部松散的平行细丝（直径约60 A）中。细丝、长线粒体和细长的细胞核都平行于细胞的长轴和卵泡的长轴。4. 在球茎及以上的收缩层，细丝之间出现了致密的无定形物质，显然起着粘合水泥的作用。细丝束现在形成清晰的原纤维。在原纤维内的细丝在某些地方呈六角形，在其他地方呈“螺纹”的形式。5. 在更高的水平上，纤维和纤维间的粘合进一步增加，整个细胞质空间被原纤维填充，最终凝聚成大量的角蛋白块。残留的细胞物质占据空隙。6. 纤维间物质的添加被认为是角化的重要因素。角蛋白被认为是由细丝（α -丝）嵌入具有较高胱氨酸含量的无定形物质（γ -角蛋白）组成的复合物。7. 广角纤维型x射线模式被认为是由于细α -细丝的散射和细丝-水泥结构的一些低角度横向间距。
1. The presumptive cortical cells of hair in the undifferentiated matrix of the bulb contain mitochondria, agranular vesicles, and many small dense R.N.P. particles, but no keratin, pigment granules, or endoplasmic reticulum. 2. In the mid-bulb region intercellular adhesion is limited to small localised areas. Intercellular gaps are common and the cell surfaces are irregularly convoluted. The melanocyte processes penetrate the cell gaps. The relation between their pigment-bearing tips and the involutions of the cell membranes suggests an active phagocytosis of the tips. 3. Fibrous keratin first appears in loose parallel strands of fine filaments (ca. 60 A diameter) in the mid-bulb. The filaments, the long mitochondria, and elongated nucleus are all parallel to the long axis of the cell and the axis of the follicle. 4. At the level of the constriction of the bulb and above, a dense amorphous substance appears between the fine filaments and apparently acts as adhesive cement. The bundles of filaments now form well defined fibrils. The packing of the filaments within the fibrils is in places hexagonal and elsewhere in the form of "whorls." 5. At higher levels further filaments and interfilamentous cement are added together and the whole cytoplasmic space becomes packed with fibrils which finally condense to massive blocks of keratin. The residual cellular material occupies the interstices. 6. The addition of the interfilamentous substance is regarded as an essential factor in keratinisation. Keratin is considered to be a complex made of fine filaments (alpha-filaments) embedded in an amorphous substance (gamma-keratin) which has the higher cystine content. 7. The wide-angle fibre-type x-ray pattern is thought to be due to scattering by the fine alpha-filaments and some low angle lateral spacings to the filament-plus-cement structure.