Environmental and genotypic effects on stomatal control of evapotranspiration from irrigated rice
Environmental and genotypic effects on stomatal control of evapotranspiration from irrigated rice
复制标题
环境和基因型对灌溉水稻蒸散气孔控制的影响
DOI：
10.2480/agrmet.69.3.1
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
T. Horie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Takami;T. Sakuratani;T. Horie
灌溉水稻的蒸散量 (ET) 率因环境和品种的不同而不同。为了量化这些差异，我们开发了一个计算模型，用于根据气象变量和作物参数预测灌溉水稻的作物蒸散量。该模型基于广义组合公式和从受控环境导出的气孔响应函数。模型预测结果与微量蒸散法测量的作物蒸散率相比具有优势。使用该模型，我们模拟了不同气候条件下假设的水稻作物的蒸散率。无论品种和叶面积指数（LAI）如何，所有作物在湿润温带气候中都表现出比在干旱热带气候中更高的蒸散率（相对于潜力）。热带干燥气候中普遍盛行强风，使得该气候中对蒸散的气孔控制比平静的温带气候中更显着。此外，当施加相同的大气需求时，具有较小作物最低抗性（Rmin）的品种总是比具有较大Rmin的品种以更高的速率蒸发。这种差异在干燥的热带条件下比在湿润的温带条件下更为明显。这些发现与迄今为止报道的灌溉水稻观察结果一致。因此，我们得出结论，我们的数值模型能够解释品种和环境对灌溉水稻蒸散率的影响。
Evapotranspiration ( ET ) rates from irrigated rice differ across environments and cultivars. To quantify these differences, we developed a computational model for prediction of crop ET of irrigated rice from meteorological variables and crop parameters. The model was based on a generalized combination formula and a stomatal response function derived from a controlled environment. Model pre-dictions compared favorably with ET rates from crops measured by microlysimetry. Using this model, we simulated ET rates from hypothetical rice crops under different climatic conditions. Regardless of cultivars and leaf area index ( LAI ) , all the crops demonstrated higher ET rates relative to the potential in a humid temperate climate than in an arid tropical climate. Strong winds generally prevailing in a tropical dry climate make stomatal control of ET in this climate more significant than that in a calm temperate climate. Furthermore, a cultivar with smaller minimum crop resistance ( Rmin ) always evaporated at a higher rate than a cultivar with larger Rmin when the same atmospheric demand was imposed. Such a difference was more distinct in the dry tropical conditions than in the humid temperate conditions. These findings agree with observations so far reported for irrigated rice. Thus, we conclude that our numerical model is capable of accounting for the effects of cultivars and environments on ET rates from irrigated rice.