A continuum of life histories in deep-sea demersal fishes
A continuum of life histories in deep-sea demersal fishes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dsr.2011.11.002
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Haedrich, Richard L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drazen, Jeffrey C.;Haedrich, Richard L.
人们普遍认为，与陆架栖息物种相比，所有深海鱼类都寿命较长、生长缓慢且繁殖能力较低。然而，这种二分法过于简单化，因为一些生活在大陆坡上的鱼类相对繁殖力和生长速度较快，这是扩大深海渔业管理的重要考虑因素。我们测试了两个可能解释商业开发的底层鱼类生活史属性变化的假设：（1）系统发育最能解释这些差异，因为深海物种通常与陆架栖息物种属于不同的科，（2）影响个体生活史属性的环境因素随着深度的变化而变化，解释了观察到的变化。我们的分析基于 9 个目的 40 个物种，包括所有主要商业开发的深海鱼类和几种系统发育相关的陆架物种。发生深度与50%成熟年龄显着相关，随深度线性增加（r(2)=0.46），而von Bertalanffy生长系数、最大繁殖力和种群潜在增长率随深度呈指数显着下降（r(2)分别为0.41、0.25和0.53）。当应用系统发育独立的对比时，这些趋势仍然很重要。该趋势也与 Gadiformes 目和 Scorpaeniformes 成员之间的类似斜率一致。温度降低、捕食压力、食物供应或代谢率都可能导致这种深度变化。不管机制如何，通过分析从陆架到斜坡的一系列鱼类，本分析表明，鱼类的生活史属性与发生深度密切相关，而不是深海鱼类和陆架鱼类之间的简单二分法。 (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
It is generally perceived that all deep-sea fishes have great longevity, slow growth, and low reproductive output in comparison to shelf dwelling species. However, such a dichotomy is too simplistic because some fishes living on continental slopes are relatively fecund and fast growing, important considerations in respect to the management of expanding deep-sea fisheries. We tested two hypotheses that might explain variation in life history attributes of commercially exploited demersal fishes: (1) phylogeny best explains the differences because deep-sea species are often in different families from shelf dwelling ones and, alternatively, (2) environmental factors affecting individual life history attributes that change with depth account for the observed variation. Our analysis was based on 40 species from 9 orders, including all major commercially exploited deep-sea fishes and several phylogenetically related shelf species. Depth of occurrence correlated significantly with age at 50% maturity increasing linearly with depth (r(2)=0.46), while the von Bertalanffy growth coefficient, maximum fecundity and potential rate of population increase declined significantly and exponentially with depth (r(2) = 0.41, 0.25 and 0.53, respectively). These trends were still significant when phylogenetically independent contrasts were applied. The trends were also consistent with similar slopes amongst members of the order Gadiformes and the order Scorpaeniformes. Reduced temperatures, predation pressure, food availability, or metabolic rates may all contribute to such changes with depth. Regardless of the mechanisms, by analyzing a suite of fishes from the shelves to the slope the present analysis has shown that rather than a simple dichotomy between deep-sea fishes and shelf fishes there is a continuum of life history attributes in fishes which correlate strongly with depth of occurrence. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.