Knowledge production in financial markets: credit default swaps, the ABX and the subprime crisis

Knowledge production in financial markets: credit default swaps, the ABX and the subprime crisis
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金融市场的知识生产:信用违约互换、ABX 和次贷危机

DOI:
10.1080/03085147.2012.661635
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
MacKenzie D
MacKenzie D
中科院分区:
法学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
MacKenzie D

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2008年,许多全球领先银行的偿付能力开始取决于次级抵押贷款支持证券投资组合的估值。本文考察了ABX,这是一个关键的新市场(成立于2006年1月),被广泛用作这些估值的指南。白皮书概述了ABX的起源,讨论了作为其基础的信用违约互换(CDS)标准化过程中有时存在激烈争议的过程,并概述了ABX如何让金融市场看到次贷危机。信用违约互换(CDS)和ABX是在一种特定形式的市场中交易的,我称之为“规范机制”。由于规范机制市场备受推崇,因此在分析它们时很容易陷入功能主义。因此,本文强调了规范机制市场的争议性,有时甚至是不稳定的性质,讨论了如何标准化金融工具、价格的“公平性”以及这些价格作为金融工具经济价值指标的可靠性的争议。规范的机制市场,它们可能涉及的利益冲突,价格在其中产生和流通的具体方式,以及它们作为知识创造者的局限性,都需要深入研究。
In 2008, the solvency of many of the world's leading banks came to hinge on valuations of portfolios of subprime mortgage-backed securities. This paper examines the ABX, a crucial new market (set up in January 2006) widely used as a guide to these valuations. The paper outlines the origins of the ABX, discusses the sometimes fiercely contested process of the standardization of the credit default swaps that underlay it, and outlines how the ABX rendered the subprime crisis visible to financial markets. Credit default swaps and the ABX are traded in a specific form of market that I call ‘the canonical mechanism’. Because canonical-mechanism markets are well regarded, it is easy when analysing them to slip into functionalism. Accordingly, this paper emphasizes the contested and sometimes precarious nature of canonical-mechanism markets, discussing disputes over how to standardize financial instruments, over the ‘fairness’ of prices and over the dependability of those prices as indicators of the economic value of financial instruments. Canonical-mechanism markets, the clashes of interests they can involve, the material ways in which prices are generated and circulated within them and their limits as generators of knowledge all need to be researched in depth.
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